The Reconstruction Of Collision Accident Based On 3D Point Clouds Data Of Vehicle Deformation

With the increasing of car ownership, traffic accidents have increased dramatically. The reconstruction of traffic accident is an important means of traffic accident treatment. Vehicle deformation is the information that is most easily saved in the scene of the accident. Now the information is more important in traffic accident treatment. But the way of getting vehicle deformed information is relatively complex by conventional methods. To use the information fully, the paper gives a method to obtain deformation of vehicle by 3D laser scanning technology. Then the deformed energy calculated based on the vehicle deformation is applied for the reconstruction of vehicle collision accident. The main contents are as follow:1. The 3D laser scanning technology is applied in traffic accident treatment. First accident scene point clouds are obtained without missing through the reasonable distribution of site locations. Then high-quality point clouds are obtained by registration, denoising and simplification. At last the information of vehicle parameters and vehicle position etc. is got by two points distance.2. To obtain the complex information of vehicle deformation, the deformed vehicle and original vehicle should be collected by 3d laser scanning. Then the same point clouds of the damaged car and the original car is registered by improved ICP algorithm. After comparing the deformed region, the deformed contour and original contour is obtained. Finally the deformation is obtained by vehicle deformation measurement standard. The results show that improved ICP algorithm overcomes the disadvantages of conventional ICP algorithm and the method is more objective and accurate compared with the manual methods.3. Springback will happen during the vehicle collision stage. The phenomenon can be described by the perpendicular and tangential restitute coefficient. To overcome the difficulty of selection of the restitute coefficient, relationship between deformed energy and perpendicular and tangential restitute coefficient is provided by energy conservation. Then the relationship combined with the momentum theorem,moment of momentum theorem and springback theory is applied to reconstruct the collision accident.To reconstruct the collision accident, the vehicle post-collision kinematical parameters is needed. So the paper simplifies the vehicle to the two-wheelers to build the post-collision dynamical model. Then the post-collision kinematical parameters and vehicle trajectory could be obtained. Based on the proposed methods, a traffic accident reconstruction software is compiled by MATLAB GUI. Then two practical traffic accident cases are reconstructed by the software. The results compared with the PC-Crash simulated results show that the paper proposed method can overcome the difficulty of selection of the restitute coefficient and reconstruct the vehicle collision accident well.