Methods Of Capacity Matching Evaluation And Bottleneck Identification Of Passing Through Facility In Urban Rail Transit Stations

Urbanization process has been developing faster and faster in China and population has been growing rapidly. Urban rail transit has showed its advantages of large volume, fast speed, safe and reliable characteristics and attracted more and more passengers. And along with increasing passenger volume, passenger flow crowding problems get serious, level of service in stations decreases and operation conditions get worse, which exist safety risks. How to reasonably measure the matching conditions among station facilities, flow layout and passenger flow demand, efficiently identify key facilities which limit the station operation optimization, dynamically configure different types of facilities in stations and match demand with facility capacity are the keys to improve the level of service in stations and station operation conditions.This paper researches on passing through facility in urban rail transit stations and focuses on the problem of matching between capacity supply of passing through facility and passenger flow demand. Analytical factors of matching between supply and demand are determined and evaluation method of matching is developed. Bottleneck identification method based on structural equation modelling is developed in the view of the whole station, and relative bottleneck remission procedures are given. Main contents are as follows:(1) Matching of passing through facility capacity in urban rail transit stations is analyzed and a matching adjustment framework is given. Passenger flow paths are introduced to create the contact between single facility and the whole station. Facility layout is abstracted to network structural figure. Characteristics of capacity supply and passenger flow demand are analyzed in three aspects of single facility, passenger flow paths and the whole station. Based on the above analysis, the supply-demand matching factors are total volume matching and structure matching and relative adjustment framework is given.(2) A matching evaluation method of passing through facility capacity in urban rail transit stations is developed. For capacity and efficiency, saturability and service efficiency are chosen as the matching evaluation indexes. Theirs calculation methods in single facility, passenger flow paths and the whole station are given. Matching evaluation procedures are given in combination with supply-demand matching factors. Raw data for calculation are from surveys and simulation.(3) The station bottleneck identification method and relevant bottleneck remission procedures are given based on structural equation model. The definition of station bottleneck is made based on the importance theory. A method to identify station bottlenecks based on structural equation model is developed. Simulation experiment schemes are optimized by orthogonal experiment method. Data samples from simulation experiments are used as model inputs. Partial least squares method is adopted as the parameter estimation method to identify and sort the facility importance. Bottleneck identification results are obtained after model evaluation adjustment. Then bottleneck remission procedures are given combining the matching evaluation results.(4) Beijing Railway Station in Beijing Subway is used as a case to analyze. Capacity matching of passing through facility in this station is evaluated. The bottleneck identification model in Beijing Railway Station is built and orthogonal experiment method is designed. Simulation data are used to estimate the parameters and adjust the evaluation results. Then bottleneck remission measures are made out. The results show that the bottleneck identification method and remission measures can efficiently improve the operation state in stations.