Passenger Flow Evacuation Simulation And Bottleneck Identification Of Rail Transit Station Based On AnyLogic

As the backbone of urban public transport,urban rail transit has the characteristics of large volume,fast speed,safety and punctuality.Rail transit station is a place for passenger flow distribution,and the behavior characteristics of passengers are much more complex than those on the line.However,urban rail transit stations are generally built underground,with high tightness,limited optional exit paths and unbalanced spatial and temporal distribution of passenger flow.Once fire,terrorist attacks,explosions,poisoning and other emergencies occur,it is easy to lead to serious congestion of some facilities,delayed evacuation of passenger flow,even stampede,casualties and other concurrent events.Therefore,it is of great significance to identify the bottleneck of the station by certain scientific means and make effective improvement measures to ensure the safety and efficiency of passenger evacuation.In this paper,the pedestrian flow characteristics of internal facilities in rail transit stations are analyzed.The facilities of rail transit station are classified,and the pedestrian flow data of rail transit station are investigated by video shooting method.The pedestrian velocity,flow and density parameters of each facility in rail transit station are obtained by video data processing technology.The traffic characteristics and velocity distribution characteristics of pedestrians on unconnected facilities are analyzed.The relationship model of pedestrian flow parameters on different facilities of rail transit station is established,and the free flow velocity and maximum capacity of pedestrians in each facility are obtained.Through analyzing the pedestrian traffic characteristics of rail transit station in evacuation state,combined with the relationship model of pedestrian flow parameters on different facilities of rail transit station,the pedestrian flow model in evacuation state is established.The concept of dynamic and static bottleneck of facilities in station is defined.Based on the analysis of bottleneck characteristics,the dynamic and static bottleneck identification model of facilities in station is established.The static bottleneck in evacuation state is determined by the capacity of facilities in the station and its series-parallel relationship.The dynamic bottleneck is determined by the matching relationship between facility capacity and passenger flow demand.The corresponding relationship between service level division and pedestrian flow relationship model is studied.The service level is divided into four levels,and the dynamic bottleneck of the station is defined when the pedestrian is in the crowded state and the blocked state.The delay of the pedestrian on the facility is used as the discriminant index of the dynamic bottleneck,and the discriminant threshold of the pedestrian under the bottleneck at all levels is determined.The function of AnyLogic software is introduced,especially the function of pedestrian library and its built-in model.Combined with the research purpose,this paper focuses on the basic principle of the social force model in the software pedestrian library.Combined with the actual situation in China,the pedestrian parameters,expected speed,self-driving force model parameters,pedestrian and pedestrian and obstacle model parameters in the social force model are calibrated,so that the model is more suitable for domestic situations.On this basis,the pedestrian evacuation simulation model of AnyLogic rail transit station is built,the simulation modeling process is studied,and the evacuation scene is constructed.The content and implementation process of simulation environment modeling and pedestrian behavior characteristics modeling are introduced.Combined with the dynamic bottleneck identification index,the pedestrian passing time simulation output is determined,and the principle of passing time statistics is introduced.The Fuzimiao subway station in Nanjing is selected as a case study.Based on the investigation of basic data,the static bottleneck of the station is identified by the static bottleneck identification model,and the evacuation scene of the Fuzimiao subway station is constructed.The pedestrian evacuation simulation model is established in AnyLogic,and the dynamic bottleneck of the station is identified by comparing the dynamic bottleneck identification threshold with the model output results.