Study On Oil Containment By Oil Booms Based On Fluid-Structure Interaction

With the exploitation and utilization of oil resources, oil pollution problems become more and more severe. Oil spilling over the sea not only causes damage to the marine environment, but also creates massive loss to the national economy. Generally, when an oil spill accident happens, measures should be taken to contain and control the spilled oil firstly. Oil spill containment boom is one of the commonly used and effective instruments. However, during use of booms, oil containment failure occurs due to the currents and waves, spilled oil escaping from the booms. As the previous researches about oil booms containment are mainly based on rigid floating booms, regardless of the deformation of booms during oil containment. So in the thesis, based on the numerical simulation platform of ANSYS Workbench, application of Fluid-Structure Interaction analysis method by the CFD software Fluent and the CSD software ANSYS on oil containment research is explored.During operation of oil boom, the body of boom under the water will deform. Water flow is the main factor to cause the deformation. Based on the analysis of Fluid-Structure Interaction, the deformation of oil boom under different water velocity is numerically simulated. Then, the simulations of flow passing a rigid boom and a flexible boom are carried out, which provides the possibility to compare velocity fields for different booms. When the body of boom deformed, the fluid field in the vicinity of the boom changed, and oil containment is affected. The process of spilled oil interception by oil boom is simulated by the VOF (volume of fluids) method to tracing the oil-water two phase flows.Parameters including flow velocity, oil parameters, etc. have great influence on oil containment efficiency. According to the former research results, the spilled oil density, flow velocity, boom draft and E (modulus of elasticity) are selected as the numerical experimental parameters, and the experiment scheme of oil containment efficiency is designed. The numerical experiment results show that spilled oil with high density and high velocity flow make it difficult to intercept the oil, oil containment efficiency can be improved by enlarging the boom draft, and larger deformation of boom body benefits spilled oil from escaping.