Research On The Fund Raising And Management Of Liaohe River Hydraulic Engineering During The End Of The Qing Dynasty And The Early Years Of The Republic Of China

The fund of hydraulic engineering is the most critical factor related to the quality and efficiency of the construction of hydraulic projects. Since the opening of Yingkou and the prohibition policy termination since the Qing Dynasty, shipping business and economy get fast development, hydraulic construction boom in liaohe river basin. This article focus on the hydraulic construction funds problems, want to find the trust of the ways of raising funds and the funds management system in the late Qing Dynasty and the early years of the Republic of China, using archival documents. Summarize the characteristics and assessment the raising funds and the management from researching these problems. This thesis consists of three parts, specific content as follows:The first part mainly introduction and summary the ways of raising funds for the hydraulic engineering in the end of the Qing Dynasty and the early years of the Republic of China. The introduction of the fund raising for dredging project includes tax in traditional way, offering fund-raising, commercial loans and other modern means of financing and broaden sources of income and reduce expenditure. For the fund raising of the civil flood control dam project and the construction of irrigation and water conservancy, this article mainly introduction from the independent fund raising method by gentry and landlords in folks and the support and Intervention by the local government. In addition, emphasize the role of the local goverment in the construction of hydraulic engineering in folks.The second part mainly introduce the funds management system in the late Qing Dynasty and the early years of the Republic of China in liaohe river basin. For the increas of the ways to raising fund, the participants of hydraulic also increas, so the fund managenment advanced too. The introduction for the progress of fund managent includes construction budget, the constitute of fund management regulations, finacial audit and financial openness.The third part, on the basis of discussing historical facts accurately, make evaluation to the ways of raising fund and the management system in the end of the Qing Dynasty and the early years of Republic of China. Raising fund diversity expand the source of fund channel, relieve the pressure of fund for hydraulic engineering. In addition, enhance the ability of flood prevention in local society, and promote the advance of fund managenment. But, Increase tariffs for raising fund to the dredging project of liaohe provide an excuse for foreign powers to interference. Moreover, because the backward in policy and talent shortage, the management of fund also have many bugs, for embezzlement of engineering fund. These matters and the poorly reality of the society lead the raising fund is difficult to meet the demand of hydraulic engineering. So, the career of water conservancy in the end of the Qing Dynasty and the early years of Republic of China in liaohe basin have not get fully development.