Research On The Building Construction Site Of Fire Risk Assessment And Countermeasures

At present, domestic and foreign scholars have done a lot of research on the fire safety risk of existing building, and put forward some effective safety management assessment methods. But there is still few research about the fire risk of the construction site. A large number of the casualty cases make us aware of the necessary of effective safety management and risk assessment of the construction site.Based on the construction site fire risk as the research object, through the reasonable component evaluation system, we can determine the various indicators, and compare various risk assessment methods, and select the appropriate method to evaluate the actual fire risk state of the target project. In order to achieve the purpose of reducing the risk of fire, we should take relative measures based on the assessment. The main contents are as follows:(1)To provide reference for this study, the author analyzes the relevant literature of fire risk assessment, risk source identification, fire safety management and accident causing theory.(2) Through collecting large construction site of fire cases, this paper analysis that the main reasons of construction site fire accidents includes long construction cycle, fuel concentration, the scene is complex and changeable, many staff members and its own fire facilities did not start. Then this paper summarized the fire occurrence with obvious location features, the construction site fire characteristics and the shortage of safety management measures.(3) This paper analyzed the fire risk evaluation system characteristics of existing building and the construction project, and established the construction site fire risk assessment system based on the functional area division, and selected the method of Fuzzy Borda number analysis based on grid acquisition to determine the weight of criterion layer index, and determined the weight of the measure layer index according to the different in language rules of specification. Finally, the overall fire risk state of the building construction site is obtained, through the fire risk assessment of the different functional areas.(4)Using the construction site fire risk evaluation system in the assessment of a high-rise residential projects in Xi’an, this paper verified the validity of the model. Therefore, this method can be used for other construction site risk assessment work, guiding the construction site targeted preventive measures to ensure the fire safety.