The Planning And Designing For Botanical Gardens In Fujian

At present, it is rare to see taking the botanical garden as the case to plan and design landscape, especially for the regional botanical garden planning study. With the development of the society, more and more cities construct botanical gardens, but the characteristics are not distinct, copying others optionally, thus it does not accord with the practice. The CPC Eighteenth Conference put forward the concept "Beautiful China", and took this as the purpose of ecological civilization construction. Under this background, the landscape planning and designing for Fuzhou Botanical Garden and Shunchang Guanjingshan Botanical Garden were studied so as to provide technical guidance and theoretical support for botanical garden planning and designing in Fujian province. This paper describes the botanical garden’s orgin, historical progress and modern botanical garden’s development, then the landscape planning and construction for botanical gardens were summarized.Based on the practical case, this paper analyzed the whole planning layout, plant landscape spatial structure, constitute, form, content, waterscape design and building design art of Fuzhou Botanical Garden and Shunchang Guanjingshan Botanical Garden (Brief name: Shunchang Botanical Garden), and summarized the landscape planning and construction characteristics and landscape architecture for different gardens. There were different in landscape composition for Fuzhou Botanical Garden and Shunchang Botanical Garden, and they were distinct characteristics respectively. This paper analyzed the landscaping methods of the two botanical gardens, and blended the two botanical gardens’methods. The main results are as folio wings:(1) The metaphor and imitation art were well applied in the landscaping methods of the two botanical gardens, and the plants landscape was abundant. On the aspect of landscaping method, Fuzhou Botanical Garden well combined local folk culture and reflected humanity history, whereas Shunchang Botanical Garden possessed innovative ideas. The detail landscaping methods of the two botanical gardens were described in this paper. Three landscape formation modes, five metaphor skills and five imitation methods were summarized, which can provide references for the botanical garden planning and designing in Fujian province and other places.(2) Since Fuzhou Botanical Garden was built earlier, its intact spatial structure has formed. The "point" (one-thousand-year-old banyan tree, and so on) and "line" (roads, revetments, and so on) were well harmonized. The space expressed coherent art character from the beginning, interim, upsurge to end. In this paper the overview of Fuzhou Botanical Garden was presented, the spatial arrangement for the botanical garden total planning was summarized, and the main factors of spatial arrangement in Fuzhou Botanical Garden were worked out. The paper provides the referenced designing scheme for the botanical garden planning and designing in Fujian province and other places, and opened the mind for spatial integrated utilization in botanical gardens.(3) The building landscapes, waterscapes, and so on. The buildings and water landscapes in Fuzhou Botanical Garden and Shunchang Botanical Garden were harmonious in whole, with distinct single-point and clear veins. The author summarized the two botanical gardens applied three methods, bionic and local factors, and classicism, in the building and waterscape design. The building style and its application effects were described also. These can provide references for later construction.At the end, this paper put forward the insufficient and suggestions of improvement for the landscape planning and construction for Fuzhou Botanical Garden and Shunchang Botanical Garden. It pointed out the typical gardens -- Fuzhou Botanical Garden and Shunchang Botanical Garden possessed abundant and diversity plant materials thus had excellent landscape effect, which satisfied people’s increasing life demands. Also the insufficient in the landscape planning and construction was discussed here:First, lack of seasonal plants; Second, not enough scientific connotation; Third, not enough later maintaining and management; Fourth, not enough distinct landscape characteristics; Fifth, the botanical gardens could not play a guidance role in constructing local characteristic city landscapes. Aiming at these present issues, the suggestions were put forward to introduce external plant resources, promote the scientific connotation and enhance maintaining and management.