The Research Of Microwave Power Transmission System

With the increasing scarcity of traditional energy sources, solar energy as a new type of source obtains more and more attention. Since the space solar power has such advantages as inexhaustibility, large energy flux density, stability, long exposure time, and being unaffected by seasonal and weather, it is a kind of ideal energy choice. Therefore, the establishment of space solar power satellite station is an effective way to solve the world energy crisis. The space solar power satellite station firstly utilizes solar panels to collect and convert the solar energy into electric, then uses the Microwave Power Transmission(MPT) to transmit the power to the human on earth. As a key technology of the space solar satellite program, MPT are widely used in space, military, civilian and medicine, etc.In this dissertation, aiming at designing a MPT system with high transmitting efficiency, on the basis of the technical requirement of MPT system, the transmitting mechanism of MPT technology, system architecture, transmitting efficiency and the key technology are studied, and the major contributions are listed as follows:1. The microwave transmitters, transmitting antenna and the rectenna are introduced, and the power transforming efficiency of both emitting and receiving components are calculated. According to the technical requirements of MPT system, the index distribution of the transmitter efficiency, antenna link efficiency, rectifier circuit efficiency and direct synthesis efficiency is carried out. Furthermore, the size and form of the microwave emitting antenna aperture, the size of receiving antenna, and the type of rectify circuit are designed.2. Through the comparison between the planar printed dipole antenna, dipole antenna and microstrip antenna, the type of receiving antenna is selected. In order to improve the gain of the receiving antenna elements, the air microstrip antenna is utilized. On the basis of the requirement of input microwave power for rectifier diode and the selection of elements arraying and grouping, three high gain receiving array units, i.e. 1 4? 、2?4 、 4?4 receiving array unit respectively, and the receiving antenna arrays are designed to provide a suitable microwave power for the rectify circuit.3. According to the equivalent circuit model of rectifier diode, the closed circuit is used to analyze the computing relationship among the input impedance of the diode, the rectifying efficiency with the characteristic parameter of the diode. Furthermore, the input impedance of the rectifying diode, rectifier efficiency, the DC output voltage changes with the input power and resistance load were simulated through ADS electromagnetic simulation software. In addition, in this dissertation, since the HSMS-286 B diode is selected to design the rectifier circuit, the circuit matching process is eliminated, which miniaturizes the size of the rectifier circuit. The rectifying efficiency was increased by improving the output filter circuit.4. The amplitude and phase of the transmitting antenna, the received power and DC output power are tested in anechoic chamber. The testing results show that the power transmission efficiency achieves the system technical requirements, which certifies the correctness of proposed MPT system design and the effectiveness of power transfer.