An Analysis On The Morphology Mechanism Of Spontaneous Construction In Hutong

The spontaneous construction in Hutong is always seen as a construction behavior which is negative and marginalized. While there exists lots of spontaneous constructions in Hutong, taking part in Hutong’s morphology today, forming lots of continuous and peculiar space micro-constructions. Taking Dashilar district as an example, the article studies its origination and mechanism with a method of Morphology, and making an effort to illustrate the positive meaning to our modern city. The article concludes four parts:Compared with two different origination mechanism of city’s morphology, the first part points that designed and spontaneous construction are quite different from each other in production, living status, morphogenesis of space and interpretable mode.The second part analyses the space strategy built on the original environment.According to the different attitude to the existing environments, it can be classified into three. The first is to utilize the available environments, including “insert into the gaps”, “attach to the walls” and “add to the top”. The second is to dodge the existing environments. The third is to reconfiguration the existing environments, including two methods called "additional reconfiguration" and "modifying reconfiguration".Summarizing the methods of construction under a condition of limited resources, the third part argues the environment factors that affect, the construction arrangements, and the influences taken by limited resources to the selection of materials, the fabric of materials, and the way they construct.Through the analysis above, the last part explain the Morphology Mechanism of Spontaneous Construction in Hutong dialectically.In this article, the author argues that the spontaneous construction in Hutong takes everything in environments as terrain, and uses unusual ways which is efficient and simple to build. it can be called as “basic construction”,which faces material reality directly and constructs based on material from bottom to top. The morphology is just a result and is under changing to adapt. It is more likely an objective represent of construction and adaptation status. Through the morphology, though it represents the low material conditions and somehow adding to the disorder of the city, it shows the subtle diversity of life and the differences of construction level and environment either. Thus it represents a genuine diversity. Under the perspective of architecture, it takes a positive view to city construction. Excessive control results in the same and single, while leads to disorder in opposite. Under the direction of design, the architect should actively pursue the conjunction point of both the environment and usage, and construct in a more economical way. Meanwhile, return the space and architecture to their original reality, nature, diversity and beauty.