Diversity And Public Perception Of Spontaneous Plants In Harbin Agricultural University

The current artificially cultivated plant landscape in cities has caused a series of problems such as high resource consumption and landscape homogenisation.As an important component of urban biodiversity,spontaneous plants are an important safeguard for the sustainable development of urban ecosystems.With their ornamental,viable and resilient characteristics,spontaneous plants can respond to the needs of urban habitat heterogeneity and can also be used as materials for urban green space landscape applications,making them excellent candidates for research into plant ecological practices and landscape applications in urbanisation.In this study,a total of 947 samples were selected to investigate the species composition of spontaneous plants in different universities,different functional areas and different habitats,and to analyse the factors affecting their diversity.It also provides a scientific basis for guiding and optimising the management and conservation of urban biodiversity.The main findings of the thesis are as follows:(1)A large number of spontaneous plants exist in the green spaces of Harbin universities.A total of 147 species in 42 families and 108 genera of spontaneous plants were recorded in the947 sample plots surveyed,of which 24 species of single genera were recorded,with a relative abundance of genera in the Asteraceae and Gramineae families.The spontaneous plants in the study area can all be classified into 16 geographical range types(including metamorphosis).The high proportion of monogeneric species and the rich geographical composition reflect the high degree of heterogeneity of the habitats within the universities on the one hand,and the richness of the spontaneous plants on the other.The survey found that the most frequently occurring species of spontaneous plants in different universities and functional sub-areas are relatively homogeneous;the spontaneous plants are rich in life types,with an absolute predominance of 2012 spontaneous plants;the proportion of exotic species is 20.41% and79.59% of native species.The high proportion of monodominant species characterises the low diversity of spontaneous plants,while the high proportion of one-and two-year old life forms is a response of spontaneous plants to unstable habitats under high intensity spontaneous plants disturbance.(2)The richness of spontaneous plants species varies among the 10 universities.The results of the survey showed that the number of spontaneous plants was higher in the agriculture and forestry category than in the general,science and technology,medical and teaching categories,with 103 species on the campus of Northeast Forestry University.Although the habitats in the universities have changed drastically with the development,the green areas in the universities can provide direct research sites for scholars and consciously protect their green areas,so to a certain extent the spontaneous plants have the opportunity to appear.The number of spontaneous plants species and the area of green space in each university campus are weakly correlated,which is basically in line with the ecological rule that species richness increases with the increase of habitat area.(3)The number of spontaneous plants in different habitats varies somewhat.Through fieldwork and statistics,it was found that: green closed spaces and special types of spaces are the main spaces for the survival of spontaneous plants in universities,with the number of spontaneous plants species growing in these habitats reaching over 85;among the 10 universities,except for Harbin University of Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology and Harbin University of Commerce,the micro-habitats with the highest number of spontaneous plants species in the campus green spaces of the other seven universities are Trees and grass habitats.(4)The number of spontaneous plants and species diversity of the different habitat types in the different functional zones are somewhat different.The results of the survey show that among the four major habitat types,the number of spontaneous plants species in the teaching,research and administrative office areas and student living areas is higher than that in the sports and recreation areas and the staff housing areas;the micro-habitats with the highest number of spontaneous plants species in the student living areas,sports and recreation areas and staff housing areas are all arboreal habitats,with 54,42 and 41 species respectively.The results of the ANOVA showed that the different habitat types and functional zones all had a significant effect on the Patrick Index,i.e.species richness.Among them,the abundance of spontaneous plants species in green semi-open spaces,green open spaces and special types of spaces in student living areas and teaching,research and administrative offices differed significantly(P <0.01);among the special types of spaces,the Patrick indexes of student living areas and sports and recreation areas were very significantly different(P < 0.01).(5)A total of 600 questionnaires were distributed and 577 valid questionnaires were received for the study on the public’s perceptions and aesthetic preferences of spontaneous plants.From the results of the study,it was found that the attitudes towards spontaneous plants differed between respondents of different ages,genders and majors in the two universities,with respondents having different feelings about the evaluation,acceptance,perception and perception of the spatial distribution of spontaneous plants.In particular,respondents within the universities have a high level of acceptance of spontaneous plants;respondents under the age of 30 are more accepting of spontaneous plants than respondents aged 30-60,who are mostly students by profession and have less influence on the perception and acceptance of spontaneous plants between majors;although respondents are partially aware of spontaneous plants,the majority of respondents are limited to "knowing " In addition,the majority of respondents in both universities believe that spontaneous plants can be used in the campus landscape,but that they need to be cleaned regularly and are more interested in spontaneous plants that can flower.Based on the results of the above research,the screening of spontaneous plant species and the construction of community patterns suitable for habitat growth and high landscape effects in universities are finally recommended,bringing a new perspective to the creation of university green spaces and providing a theoretical basis and basic information for the selection of ornamental,plastic and resilient plant landscapes with regional characteristics in Harbin.