Areal Type Classification And Special Improvement Study For Rural Settlements In Three Gorges Area Of Chongqing

Following our country’s balancing urban and rural development and continuouspromotion of new rural construction, such problems as serious disuse, decreasingcultivated land resource, lacking of public service facilities, blindness development,sameness of rural planning exist in rural settlements. Existing land use layout in ruralarea and spatial arrangement restrict development of rural economy severely and affectimprovement of living standard in rural area. So, it is necessary and urgent to doscientific planning for rural settlements. Three Gorges area of Chongqing is rich ingeomorphic type. Rural settlements are unique and diverse. It differs from other regionson such aspects as settlements’ amount, spatial structure and scale level. Therefore, thispaper, using Three Gorges area of Chongqing as the empirical research area, classifiedareal type of rural settlements and discussed rural settlements’ special improvementmode and implementation approaches in rural settlement.Based on sufficiently-collected materials, and visiting and investigational study,combining qualitative analysis with quantities analysis, natural environmental factorwith social economic factor, in accordance with leading factor principle, systemintegration principle and feasibility principle, this paper set a sectionalized guidancesystem. It used correlation analysis, cluster analysis, range transformation method,comprehensive evaluation and analysis method etc to do system partitioning for ruralsettlements in Three Gorges area of Chongqing, which is divided into six types: valleyfoothills suburbs more-developed highly-clustered type; valley foothillsrelatively-remote less-developed loosely-clustered type; low mountains foothillssuburbs less-developed loosely-clustered type, low mountains foothills remoteloosely-clustered type with lagging economy, low mountains foothills remote backwardloosely-clustered type, medium mountain low mountain relatively-remoteloosely-clustered type with lagging economy and medium mountain remote isolatedtype with lagging economy.On the basis of above-mentioned rural settlements classification, this paper statedspecial development characteristics of all types of rural settlement. And on the basis of theory of comparative advantage, factor endowments theory, location theory and othertheories, this paper presented eight special improvement modes: agricultureindustrialization in valley foothills suburbs driving on-site extension, ecologicalproducts from remote area of medium mountain low mountain driving construction ofcentral village, labor service exportation in low mountains foothills suburbs driving newcommunity construction, characteristic industry in remote and relatively remote area oflow mountains foothills driving facility concentration, low mountains foothills suburbsrural tourism driving village improvement, medium mountain ecological immigration,trading communication of relatively remote area of valley foothills drivingtransportation concentration, leisure tourism of relatively remote area in medium andlow mountain driving construction of service community. It also suggested constructecological early warning mechanism to avoid waters ecological environment disruption,standardize application of pesticide, chemical fertilizer, fodder etc to improve quality ofsubsidiary agricultural products, establish local characters and good service image,standardize contract signing to effectively solve labor disputes, speed up construction oftransportation infrastructure to improvement convenience of farmer’s travel, standardizetourism service market orders, construct harmonious tourism environment and otherpropulsion measures.