Research On The Planning And Design Of Small Town Parks Based On Regional Characteristic And Humanistic Concern

As the pace of urbanization keeps increasing, more and more small towns start building their own parks to improve the living standard of residents and complete the construction of urban infrastructure. However, there appears many problems in the construction of parks in small towns, such as copying the park design of cities and pursuing novelty and large blindly, which not only ignore the demand of residents, but also lose the regional characteristics of the small towns. In the research, based on the practical issues, the planning and design concept, working procedure and strategy of small-town parks were studied, with regional characteristics and humanistic concern as a starting point.In the study, methods as literature research, induction and deduction, case analysis, field research were used to introduce concepts as regional characteristics and humanistic concern into the planning and design of small-town parks innovatively, aiming to provide a new mentality to construction of small-town parks. Meanwhile, the importance of regional characteristics and humanistic concern in the planning and design of small-town parks were also discussed deeply based on the previous researches. Theories as city image, place spirit, context continuation, hierarchy of needs, environmental psychology, landscape aesthetic were studied to probe theoretical direction and scientific basis for the planning and design of small-town parks. Bases on the theoretical research, the regional characteristics were concluded into natural environmental characteristics, historical cultural characteristics and economical industrial characteristics while the humanistic concern was decomposed into the care of physiological needs, security needs, emotional belonging needs, self-esteem needs and self-actualization needs. The working procedure of landscape designing based on humanistic concern and regional characteristics was reviewed in this paper. The investigation and analysis of basic data as regional characteristics, cultural characteristics, industrial characteristics and the users were emphasized to be carried out at the beginning of the planning and design, then the attribute positioning and planning objectives of small-town parks should be determined. The design philosophies as ecological priority, cultural characteristic and people oriented were proposed as well. The methods and strategies of the planning and design of small-town parks were mainly discussed based on regional characteristics and humanistic concern, which were used as guidelines for the planning and design of Moergen Park in Nenjiang County, Heilongjiang Province, and the results were showed as follows:(1)The regional characteristic of small-town parks can be reflected from three levels as design philosophy, design technique and design carrier. In the aspect of design philosophy, regional characteristics can be expressed by obeying the natural environment, inheriting regional culture and displaying economic industry. When it comes to design technique, regional characteristics can be conducted by methods as maintaining, reproduction, metaphor, symbolization and recombination. Concerning the design carrier, regional characteristic can be realized by garden architecture, landscape sketch, plant landscape and rigid pavement.(2) The methods and strategies of the planning and design of small-town parks based on humanistic concern can be realized from five levels as physiological needs, security needs, emotional belonging needs, self-esteem needs and self-actualization needs to satisfy the landscape demand of urban residents.(3) In the case of Moergen Park in Nenjiang County, Heilongjiang Province, harmony home landscape area of Moergen Park was planned and designed in detail based on the design philosophy, working procedure, strategy and methods of the planning and design of small-town parks brought up earlier."Home" concept was put forward in the design, and the landscape area was divided into three functional partitions as the antechamber, central nave and the backyard garden according to the structure of the home, and twelve langscpe nodes were set and contained wudong square, sunken plaza, quganghuifang, yiranxianting, footpirint road, cultural tour, time tunnel, pean square, sunshine dining hall, fitness space, lvyou square, linshuiyuantiao.The case demonstrated the strategies and methods reflecting regional characteristics and humanistic concern in the planning and design of small-town parks, strengthened the combination of theory with practice and demonstrated the study effectively.