Research On Environmental Adaptability Evolution Of Enclosed Shape Of Hakka Tulou In Yongding

YongDing Tulou as a world cultural heritage in West Fujian, it has been concernedby the academic.But as so far,previous studies emphasis on formal and typicalitymore,ignoring the non-formal Tulou.From the enclosed shape of Tulou,scholars alsofall into the discussions of square Tulou and round Tulou about the simplification andabstraction.In fact,it is found that enclosed shape of YongDing Hakka Tulou ismatifested in diverse and vivid variant form.In order to analysis this phenomenon anthe rule behind it deeply,the subject is oriented by ecology knowledge,based onenvironmental adaptation theory and guided by complexity science.To carry outresearch,we use the ways of field survey, the literature to archaeology,graphicalanalysis and inductive analysis and so on. The results show that Yongding HakkaTulou enclosed shape in the process of adaptation to the environment, on the onehand, it has insist about "Gestalt ideal", on the other hand, with the changes in theactual environment,Whether it gets rid of the shackles of Gestalt ideal freely,so tocreate many complex and “non-Gestalt” enclosed shape of Tulou.This topic will analyze this phenomenon and its underlying regular from thefollowing parts.The first part, background researchFirst discusses the research status about this topic from home and abroad,thendiscusses the Hakka Tulou enclosed shape in Yongding from the overall.The second part, the subject researchFirst,it parses the enclosed shape of Hakka Tulou about the gestalt form ideal inYongding. From ideal prototype of traditional dwellings, and the contradiction of thediversification of traditional houses type, based on the principle of gestalt psychology,explores the hakka enclosed ideal and its root causes.On this basis,it has summarizedthe basic characteristics of gestalt Tulou(that is the prototype in their heart ofHakka).It means closed and independent,to the heart and unified,rules andsymmetry,large scale.The root cause of prototype of Hakka ideal Tulou formed isimmigration history,family unity and social defense and so on.Then it is focused from"natural environment","social cultural differences","change history”,revealing the behind regularity that enclosed shape of Hakka Tulou in Yongding produce complexvariation. Area with complex geographical environment inYongding,natural elementssuch as topography,hydrological environment,site make the enclosed shape of Tulouproduce complex changes.It has also led to enclosed shape of Tulou produced specialevolution by the diversity of Hakka social culture.Under the Confucian culture,Hakka people attaches great importance to the harmony of neighborhood, ritual andorderly,with the factors such as complex demand for commercial activity,longconstruction period,and the influences of economy,folk belief,concept of Fengshui,thewar, life style and so on,finally created large special enclosed shape of Tulou.Withthe development of the era,enclosed shape of Tulou is dynamic change,the rise andfall of the family added expansion of Tulou, the life cycle of the tulou itself alsospawned new enclosed shape,the demand of illicit closed space for the small familyalso prompted the generation of new type Tulou with single-family.The third part,related discussionFor the enclosed shape of Tulou in Yongding producding diverse evolutionphenomenon and the ecology regularity in the process of adapting to the environment,this topic will discuss the relevant academic value and practical applicationvalue.From the perspective of the academic value,it is a precious intangle culturalheritage that ecological culture wisdom in it, and needs to be protected.At the sametime,it should also be on the agenda as soon as possible for the protection of theinformal Tulou, rather than merely protect the typic Tulou such as“Tulou king”,"prince of Tulou,”" Tulou princess "and so on. From the point of practicalapplication value, the informal Tulou produced the ecological wisdom in the processof adapting to the environment, it is also a cultural asset to carry out ecologicaltourism and ecological education.