| Chemiluminescence is an analytical method based on chemical reaction.Because of its high sensitivity, wide linear range, simple equipment, rapid analysis and many other advantages, it exhibits significant potential in the fields of biology, medicine, clinical, environmental and other applications. Luminol, a luminophor, having high quantum yield and good water solubility, is the most widely used agent. With the development of science and technology, luminol chemiluminescence has changed from the molecular ion level to enter the field of nanoparticles. In this paper, the combination of noble metal nanoparticles and chemiluminescence analysis method has been applied in complex analysis of medicines.In this thesis, the review involves the concepts, development, principles and characteristics of chemiluminescence and chemiluminescent reagent in common use, the chemical and physical properties of nanomaterials and their applications in chemiluminescence analysis. Furthermore, silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs) and gold nanoparticles(Au NPs) are utilized in liquid-phase chemiluminescence systems. Suh as Ag NPs catalysed luminol-K3[Fe(CN)6] system for the determination of cefpodoxime and cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride(CPH), Au NPs catalysed luminol-Ag NO3 system for determination of famotidin and cefuroxime axetil. The main contents are as follows:1. It is found that the silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs), synthesized by chemical reduction method, could enhance the chemiluminescence intensity of the luminol-K3[Fe(CN)6] system and the addition of cefpodoxime inhibited the chemiluminescence signals in alkaline solution obviously. Based on these findings, a simple flow-injection chemiluminescence method was reported for the determination of cefpodoxime firstly. The experimental conditions that influence the chemiluminescence intensity were carefully studied and the possible chemiluminescence mechanism has been proposed according to the ultraviolet-visible absorption and chemiluminescence spectra.Under the optimum conditions, the linear range for the determination of cefpodoxime was from 8.0×10-9 mol/L to 2.0×10-7 mol/L(0.9965)and 2.0×10-7 to 1.0×10-6 mol/L(0.9952)with a detection limit(3σ) of 4.5×10-9 mol/L. The relative standard deviations(RSD) for the determination of 1.0×10-6 mol/L and 1.0×10-7 mol/L cefpodoxime were 1.6% and 1.2%, respectively.The method has been used for the determination of cefpodoxime in samples with satisfactory results.2. The method was based on the fact that the silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs) could enhance the chemiluminescence intensity of the luminol-K3[Fe(CN)6] system and the addition of cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride inhibited the chemiluminescence signals in alkaline solution obviously. Conditions were carefully optimized. chemiluminescence spectra and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra were used to investigate the mechanism of the chemiluminescence reaction system. Possible interferences were also studied. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range of the concentration of cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride between 5.0×10-9 mol/L~1.0×10-6 mol/L and the detection limit(3σ) was 3.2×10-9 mol/L. The RSD(n=11) was 1.4% and recovery was 99.1% ~ 101%. The method had been successfully applied for the determination of cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride in samples.3. Gold nanoparticles(Au NPs) exhibited better chemiluminescence catalysis activity and smaller nanoparticles have stronger catalysis ability in luminol-Ag+ system among the synthesized Au NPs of different size. 16 nm nanoparticles was used as catalysts to enhance the reaction sensitivity. It was found that the chemiluminescence intensity of Au NPs-luminol-Ag+ was strongly increased in the presence of famotidine and the relative chemiluminescence intensity was in linear correlation with the concentration of famotidine. a linear relationship was obtained between the intensity and the concentration of famotidine in the range of 1.0×10-7~8.0×10-10 mol/L.The proposed method has a detection limit(3σ) of 5.0×10-10 mol/L with a relative standard deviation of 2.5% for 5.0×10-8 mol/L famotidine. The method has been applied for determination of famotidine in tablets with satisfactory results.4. A novel flow-injection chemiluminescence method for the determination of cefuroxime axetil is proposed, based upon its enhancing effect on the chemiluminescence reaction of luminol with Ag+ catalyzed by gold nanoparticles in alkaline solution. The experimental conditions that influence the chemiluminescence intensity were carefully studied and the possible chemiluminescence mechanism has been proposed according to the ultraviolet-visible absorption and chemiluminescence spectra. Under the optimum conditions, the linear range for the determination of cefuroxime axetil was from 8.0×10-8 mol/L to 5.0×10-6 mol/L with a detection limit(3σ) of 5.5×10-8 mol/L.The relative standard deviations(RSD) for the determination of 5.0×10-7 mol/L cefuroxime axetil was 2.1%. The method has been used for the determination of cefpodoxime in samples with satisfactory results. |
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