The Application Of Gold Nanoparticles And Silver Nanoparticles In The Pharmaceuticals Analysis By The Chemiluminescence System

With the rapid development of electronic technology, chemiluminescence analysis is widely used in the substance of the quantitative study because of its characteristic of high sensitivity, wide linear range,simple equipment, analysis fast and easy to realize automation and so on. Although the study of chemiluminescence has a long history,but it was confined to the molecular and ionic level. In Recent years,nano materials is provide a new opportunity for chemiluminescence analysis because of its development of volume effect, surface effect,quantum size effect and dielectric confinement effect. About this paper, we will introduce the nano gold and nano silver into the liquid phase chemiluminescence and construct analytical method of chemiluminiscence to detect the pharmaceutical. This research not only extends the application range of nanoparticles, but also makes the chemical luminescence method more widely used in pharmaceutical analysis.For this thesis,it is divided into two parts. The first part is the summary,about this part, it talks about the basic conception of chemiluminescence analysis, the principle of chemiluminescence analysis and some common liquid phase chemiluminescence systems,the application status of recent years metal nanomaterials in chemiluminescence analysis was especially summarized. The second part is the research report,silver nanoparticles and gold nanoparticles were selected as catalysts and the catalytic effection of nanoparticles was studied. The luminol-KMn O4-Ag NPs, luminol-K₃Fe（CN）6-Ag NPs,luminol-NBS-Au NPs, luminol-Ag NO3-Au NPs was applied to detect the content of domperidone, cefprozil, amantadine hydrochloride, doxycycline hydrochloride.Meanwhile, some chemiluminescence mechanism are discussed in this paper. The specific content are as follows:1.The method was based on the fact that the silver nanoparticles（Ag NPs）,synthesized by chemical reduction method,could enhance the chemiluminescence intensity of the luminol-KMn O4 system and the addition of domperidone inhibited the chemiluminescence signals in alkaline solution obviously. Under the optimum conditions,the ratio of chemiluminescence intensity I0/I was correlated linear with the concentration of domperidone over the range of 1.0×10-8⁵.0×10-6g/m L and the detection limit（3σ） was1.1×10-9g/m L. The relative standard deviations（RSD） for the determination of 1.0×10-6g/m L domperidone was 1.7%（n=11）. The method was applied to the determination of domperidone in samples with satisfactory results.2.The silver nanoparticles（Ag NPs） can intensively enhance the chemiluminesence（CL） of the luminol-K₃[Fe（CN）6] system but that cefprozil inhibit these signals in alkaline solution. Based on this phenomenon, a new simple CL method to detect the contents of the cefprozil was proposed. Under the optimum conditions,the linear with the concentration of cefprozil over the range of 5.0×10-9¹.0×10-7mol/L（0.9981）and1.0×10-7⁵.0×10-6mol/L（0.9970）, the detection limit was 3.7×10-9mol/L. The relative standard deviation was 1.45% and 0.83%（n=11） for 2.0×10-6mol/L and 5.0×10-8mol/L cefprozil. The method was applied to the determination of cefprozil in samples with satisfactory results.3.Gold nanoparticles（Au NPs）particles with different particle sizes were prepared by sodium citrate reduction method and sodium hydrogen reduction method. The method was based on the fact that the gold nanoparticles could enhance the chemiluminescence intensity of the luminol-NBS system and the addition of adamantanamine hydrochloride inhibited the chemiluminescence signals in alkaline solution obviously. The experimental conditions were optimized,and the mechanism of chemiluminescence was also discussed.Under the optimum conditions,the linear with the concentration of adamantanamine hydrochloride over the range of 5.0×10-8¹.0×10-5mol/L（0.9963）, the detection limit was4.1×10-8mol/L. The relative standard deviation was 0.77%（n=11） for 1.0×10-6mol/Ladamantanamine hydrochloride. The method was applied to the determination of adamantanamine hydrochloride in samples with satisfactory results.4.Under alkaline condition, the gold nanoparticles（Au NPs） could enhance the chemiluminesence（CL） of the luminol-Ag NO3 system and doxycycline hyclate could greatly inhibit the chemiluminescence signal. On basis of this, a new simple CL method was developed to detect the content of the doxycycline hyclate. The 16 nm,25nm,38 nm,68nm, 99 nm five kinds of nanoparticles with different particle sizes were prepared, and the conditions of negative pressure, flow rate and concentration of each reactant were optimized. The luminescence mechanism has carried on the preliminary discussion by using chemiluminescence spectra and UV-Vis absorption spectra. Under the optimum conditions, the linear with the concentration of doxycycline hyclate over the range of2.0×10-8⁸.0×10-6mol/L（0.9972）, the detection limit was 1.1×10-8mol/L. The relative standard deviation was 0.89%（n=11） for 1.0×10-6mol/L doxycycline hyclate. The method had been successfully applied to the determination of doxycycline hyclate in samples.