Establishment And Analysis Of Flat-European Hybrid Hazelnut Oil Active Substance Fingerprints

Hazelnut is rich in nutrients, including fatty acids, VE, sterols and so on. These active nutrients have physiological functions like reducing blood lipid, softening blood vessel, preventing and curing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Fingerprint technology mainly study on the composition of the material, now it has been gradually extended to the quality evaluation and product processing technology control of functional food raw materials, which shows a good application prospect. The determination of composition and content for fatty acids, VE, sterols and the establishment of fingerprint, can be used as an effective mean for quality control and evaluation of hazelnut.This study used ultrasonic assisted extraction flat-European hybrid hazelnut oil. Single factor test determined hexane as the extraction solvent, at the same time, the optimum time, temperature, solid-liquid ratio and ultrasonic power were determined, and orthogonal tset optimized the process of ultrasonic assisted extraction flat-European hybrid hazelnut oil. The best process conditions for optimized were:the extraction temperature was 35℃, the extraction time was 40min, solid-liquid ratio was 1:6 g/mL, and ultrasonic power was 500W.Different regions and different cultivars of flat-European hybrid hazelnuts were selected as research objects. In this study, active nutrients like fatty acids, VE and sterols which in 14 kinds of flat-European hybrid hazelnut oil samples were detected and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), at the same time the similarity evaluation and clustering analysis, the aim was to analyze the different of flat-European hybrid hazelnut active substances under different conditions (region or cultivar). The standard fingerprint of three active substances including fatty acids GC-MS standard fingerprint, VE HPLC standard fingerprint and sterols GC-MS standard fingerprint of flat-European hybrid hazelnut all established successfully. The results show that:for 14 kinds of flat-European hybrid hazelnuts, the composition and content of fatty acids were all slightly different; the composition of VE and sterols that in 14 kinds of flat-European hybrid hazelnuts were the same, respectively; however the content of VE and sterols were different, respectively. According to the similarity, the fatty acids and sterols of 14 kinds of flat-European hybrid hazelnuts compared with standard fingerprint, the similarity were all more than 0.99, among the samples, there was also a high similarity. But the overall similarity of VE was low; there was a large individual difference. By further comparison, the similarity among different cultivars in the same region was greater than that in different regions of the same cultivar. The results of clustering analysis showed that fatty acids and sterols of 14 kinds of flat-European hybrid hazelnut samples could clustering according to cultivar, however the VE could clustering according to region, which explain that the differences in cultivars have a greater effect on fatty acids and sterols of flat-European hybrid hazelnuts and differences in planting areas have a greater effect on VE of flat-European hybrid hazelnuts.