Study On The Management Of Rural Ecological Environment From The Perspective Of Social Capital

Ecological environment is very important for human survival and development.The countryside is a provider of resources and pollution of the bearer. Rural ecological environment is essential to the national socio-economic well-functioning.Ecological governance at the national urban-rural dual structure, light weight urban rural areas, small rural concerns, leading to deterioration of ecological environment in rural areas.Rural ecological environment showing the spread of industrial pollution situation in rural areas, increasing agricultural pollution, deteriorating living area environment. On the approach to governing rural ecological environment, there is a dual phenomenon of government and market failures. First, the government’s laws and regulations are not perfect, there is a "rent-seeking" activities, access to information is limited, inadequate investment management and other factors lead to government failure. Second, the rural ecological environment of public goods, economic externalities, "the tragedy of commons" environment and "privately tragedy" and other features, combined with the resources of rural property market is not perfect, leading to market failure.Then the macro level of social capital of the sort from the micro to the concept, explains Coleman then from Bourdieu to Putnam’s social capital perspective. Analysis defines the three elements of social capital: networks, norms and trust. Summarizes the characteristics of rural social capital.Social capital has a dense network of relationships showing contact, distribution, extending the radius of trust, interpersonal trust-based, standardized to the main features of informal norms. Build social capital and rural ecological environment relationship links, that the relationship between the individual and the network can be set up as an information organization and government communication platform, reciprocity, punitive norms able to break the plight of collective action, consensus can trust to manage all body to provide effective support.Through case studies and found that not only the use of social capital in rural informal organizations to cooperate with the government to solve the problem, but also through the internal organization does not rely on the government to solve problems spontaneously. Internal relations network outside of the network behavior with a strong constraints force, but the internal network of the Ministry of repulsion within the organization or an individual or organization without the former obviously invalid, need external intervention to be effective.Rural ecological environment management performance improvement may be a by-product of other action as a result.Finally, the proposed countermeasures rural ecological environment governance through the perspective of social capital. First,The transformation of traditional social capital to accommodate the current governance requirements of society. The second is the development of economic self-sufficiency and empowerment of rural public services to attract migrant workers return increases social capital.The third is to promote the development of civil society organizations, to provide a formal specification and platform of mutual trust. Fourth, Establishment of civil government information and communication platform to enhance the confidence to promote the exchange of information, providing support for governance. Last,vigorously promote ecological knowledge, promote ecological awareness raising farmers.