Study On Human Activities Effect On Ecological Conditions Of Xun Hua Meng Da National Nature Reserve Based On RS

A nature reserve is a protection area of importance for the survival of rare animals and plants, which is established and managed to maintain ecological balance and preserve the natural environment. As the natural “background” of ecosystem, nature reserves that are reserved to provide natural and colorful educational materials and opportunities for scientific study or research have great significance for human beings. However, lacking of adequate protection, the interference of human activities becomes more severe. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor human activity in nature reserves and make analysis on its dynamic variation, which are of great significance for the supervision of ecological environment of nature reserve and the environment protection of its surroundings.In order to enhance the monitoring of human activity in nature reserve, after comparing various monitoring methods, by taking the high resolution images as data sources, this thesis establishes an object-oriented method to extract human activity information and achieves high accuracy – the general accuracy is 89.14% and the Kappa coefficient is 0.82, which meet the requirements. This thesis then makes analysis on the distribution and the dynamic variation of human activity in Xun Hua MengDa national nature reserve. Through the analysis on the current situation, the thesis reveals that the area of human activity in 2012 is 5.83km2 and in 2014 is 4.45 km2, which respectively account for 3.41% and 2.60%. Through the variation analysis, the thesis reveals that in general the human activity decreases from 2012 to 2014, but increases in core area. Thus the thesis concludes that the ecological environment of Xunhua Mengda nature reserve is in good condition from 2012 to 2014.In order to further study the reason of the variation of human activities, the thesis based on the local economic development presumes that the increase of human activities in core area is related to the category of nature reserve – Xunhua Mengda is not only the nature reserve with ecosystem but also the park-type reserve; the governments of Qinghai province and Xunhua county devote much attention and investment to the tourism, and improve the infrastructure of Xunhua Mengda nature reserve, which lead to the increase of tourists. In order to explore the distribution of human activities, based on the autocorrelation analysis, the thesis analyzes the relevance of human activities in the attribute of the area, and thus reveals that there is significant relevance among human activities that are distributed together, while the human activities of same type are distributed discretely. As the result, the human activities are concentrated in the small area of nature reserve.In order to apply the study to practice and serve for the environment protection department, combined with the knowledge of evaluation of nature reserve, the thesis establishes a dynamic monitoring mode of human activity. Based on the the GIS component technology and database technology, the thesis designs a monitoring system of Xunhua Mengda nature reserve. The main functions of the system are nature reserve module function that includes segmentation, classification, current statistics, variation statistics and analysis, and business function including subject diagram, briefing and operational system.