Remote Sensing Monitoring Of Human Disturbance In Nature Reserves

Nature reserve is a protective area established by human beings in order to maintain ecological balance and protect the natural environment on which rare wild animals and plants depend.It is of great significance for the protection and long-term development of human ecological environment.However,there are still some defects in the protection of nature reserves in China,resulting in serious damage to the ecological environment of nature reserves.Taking Shapotou nature reserve of Ningxia as an example,human disturbance activities have been increasing in recent years,which has a certain degree of impact on the ecological environment,ecosystem,animal and plant resources of the nature reserve.Therefore,the management of ecological environment protection in nature reserves,dynamic monitoring of human activities in nature reserves,and formulating environmental protection measures for peripheral areas have far-reaching impact on the development of nature reserves.In this paper,the human activities interference information of Shapotou Nature Reserve in 2017 and 2018 are extracted by using the high resolution satellite image and the object-oriented method,and the high precision is achieved to meet the research needs.The other data source of this paper is from the historical images of Google Earth.Through the method of object-oriented and visual interpretation,the information of human disturbance activities in Shapotou nature reserve from 2010 to 2016 is extracted.From 2010 to 2018,a total of 9 periods of data passed the accuracy inspection and met the accuracy requirements.The nine phases of human activity information extracted are mainly divided into three aspects:firstly,ArcGIS is used for statistical analysis,and the distribution status of human activities in each year is calculated,and the distribution location and area of human activities are obtained.The spatial data analysis of human activities interference in nature reserves is carried out to obtain the monitoring rules of human interference activities in nature reserves.The analysis shows that human activities in nature reserves are on the rise in general,but they are decreasing in 2017 and 2018 each year;among the types of human activities,agricultural land,tourism facilities land,residential area,other artificial facilities land and breeding farm have changed greatly,and the other four land types have changed slowly;the analysis of three functional zones shows that human activities from 2010 to 2011 have The human activities in 2017 and 2018 tend to shift to the core area.Then,in order to further explore the distribution and monitoring law of human activities in Shapotou nature reserve,the dynamic changes of the area and spatial position of human disturbance activities in Shapotou Nature Reserve were analyzed by using transfer matrix analysis method.The data of 9 periods from 2010 to 2018 are divided into two stages:2010-2014 and 2014-2018.From 2010 to 2014,the change of human disturbance activities in Shapotou nature reserve is relatively active,and the area transferred in and out of Shapotou nature reserve is more than twice of the area of human disturbance activities from 2014 to 2018.The land types with more frequent activities are other artificial facilities land,agricultural land and tourism facilities land Residential areas,farms,industrial and mining land.Finally,through the establishment of the model,the disturbance degree of the nature reserve is evaluated.On the basis of the evaluation,the influencing factors of human activities in Shapotou nature reserve are accurately obtained,and the influence degree grade of human activities in the nature reserve is obtained.According to the analysis of human activities,the main interference factors of Shapotou nature reserve are agricultural land,tourism facilities land and residential area,and the impact of traffic facilities is the least.From the perspective of functional zoning,the impact index of human disturbance activities in the core area from 2010 to 2018 is far greater than that of the other two regions.According to the classification of the impact degree of human activities in the nature reserve,nine stages of human disturbance activities are determined.The level of human disturbance activities is grade III in 2010 and 2011,and the intensity of human activities has increased to grade II from 2013 to 2018.Therefore,the impact of human activities on Shapotou nature reserve is increasing.In order to be able to apply the research conclusions in this paper to practice,in view of the increasing pressure of human activities in nature reserves in China,this paper closely around the management needs of nature reserves in China,combines remote sensing technology with field survey and monitoring,implements dynamic monitoring of nature reserves,and predicts the development trend of human activities and the impact on the ecological environment according to the monitoring results situation.This research method can not only effectively monitor the human disturbance in the nature reserve,but also provide a reference for the relevant government departments to make relevant decisions on the ecological environment protection of the nature reserve.