Study On The Three Western Environmental Political Theories And Reference Significance

Since the industrial revolution to the 21 st century, human productivity and material life level have been greatly improved. But the excessive use of natural and human development lead to the severe ecological environment problems, and the peaking appeared in the 1960 s and 1970 s. Facing the increasingly serious ecological environment pollution, the western first awakening caused a huge environmental movement. Under the impetus of the environmental movement, the western countries has formed many environmental political genre and the environmental protection theory which includes three dominant environment political theories——ecological autonomy, ecological socialism, and ecological capitalism——that relatively more attract the attention of the people. The three theories are not only consistent and more coexistent from time, but also have considerable relevance.30 years of reform and opening-up, China has been vigorously developing social and economic construction, improving the culture industrial structure, perfecting social security system, learning and absorbing foreign advanced science and technology and strengthening exchanges and cooperation among countries in the fields of economy, politics, culture. In this context, China is moving gradually to the ranks of the developed countries. However, the rapid expansion of China’s economic development also caused the ecological environment pollution greatly. Facing the fact, the Chinese government began to seek to develop the socialist ecological civilization path of reality.In this paper, first it gives a general description to the problems of the contemporary ecological environment and describes the process of the development of environmental movement and the generation of green political theory. Secondly, it comparatively analyzes ecological autonomism, ecological socialism and ecological capitalism from the theoretical basis, the political and economic claims and draw the corresponding conclusions.Finally, it researches the historical evolution process of the socialism with Chinese characteristics of the construction of ecological civilization and the significance of the construction of ecological civilization, and analyzes and summarizes the significance of three political theory for China’s socialist ecological civilization construction.Ecological autonomy with the attitude of weak Anthropocentrism that argues ecological priority, emphasizes the limited resources, advocates the respect nature, and reveres nature, is beneficial to the improvement of the ecological protection consciousness in our country. Ecological socialism that advocates system priority and promotes social justice, is good for the needs of the social construction of continued ecological civilization in our country. Ecological capitalism that argues the sustainable development and technological innovation, promotes the development of ecological modernization of our country.