Research On The Mongolian Plateau Grazing System

Mongolian plateau grassland, semiarid areas and humid areas is the most important renewable natural resources. It is not only majority of the people in the Mongolian steppe plateau depend on the material basis of survival and development, but also it is important for the Mongolian Plateau grassland area of water conservation, maintaining the carbon/nitrogen circulation, preventing grassland desertification and responding to the changes in regional climate important barrier.Grazing is one of the main ways to use the Mongolian Plateau grasslands, and reasonable grazing management will directly affect the structure and function of the Mongolian plateau grassland ecosystems. Therefore, grazing management is the core of the Mongolian plateau grassland management. Grazing system as a grazing management system, has been widespread attention and concern from domestic and foreign scholars and government departments. Therefore, this article uses combining method of theoretical research and field investigation to analyze the impact of the evolution of Mongolia and Inner Mongolia grassland grazing systems and effects of seasonal grazing system on grassland diversity and above ground biomass of plants, research results are as follows:1. Grazing system in Mongolia currently is based mainly seasonal grazing. Combination of grazing down field and grazing pasture with sub-camps are used, which can make the grassland vegetation have sufficient recovery time and reduce pressure of livestock trampling on grazing, but also fully reflect the correlation between the structure of grassland plant diversity and animal diversity. But grazing utilization is low or even zero in far away from the water area, so that grass waste rate is higher.2. In moderate utilization, there are plans to utilize pasture in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region that focus on grazing of livestock in a short term within a small fenced area is lesser. Fence blocked rotational grazing system made that grazing livestock feed become long while reduce wandering livestock grazing time and distance, thus beneficial to improve the efficiency of animal husbandry. But fence blocked grazing make the herd structure simplification and there was overgrazing phenomenon.3. Overall, seasonal grazing system in Mongolia has significantly lesser influence on steppe vegetation than fence blocked rotational grazing system in Inner Mongolia.