The Research On John Locke’s Scientific Knowledge

Since the17th century, with the rise of new science and epistemology become the center of philosophical studies, study and reflection for the scientific knowledge began to play an increasingly important role in philosophy. Today, the philosophy of science to flourish, research direction differentiation rapidly, research priorities shift continuously. But deepen the researchers on science-based issues of philosophy is still necessary. As a master of British empiricism, Locke’s main philosophical works "Essay Concerning Human Understanding" is the study of the nature of human knowledge, the origins of knowledge, the certainty of knowledge,the reliability scope and it’s extention etc. Locke advocated that knowledge is the perception of the agreement or disagreement of two ideas,all human knowledge was from experience, in that all our knowledge is founded, and from that it ultimately derives itself. Experience can be put into two categories, internal senses and sensation.From the angel of agreement or disagreement, knowledge can be divided into Identity or diversity、Relation、Co-existence, or necessary connexion、Real existence. Four categories of knowledge are cannot exceed the Range of ultra-scope;The knowledge of identity and diversity in ideas extends as far as ideas themselves, the knowledge of relations between abstracted ideas it is not easy to say how far our knowledge extends, the knowledge of their co-existence, extends only a very little way,the knowledge of the real actual existence is restricted by the senses; Intuitive knowledge is the highest degrees of certain, demonstrative knowledge is the next degree of certain; Knowledge has reality, all the knowledge of intuitive、co-existence、substances have reality. There are also both achievement worthy of recognition and insignificance with the theory of knowledge of Locke’s.The idea generalized by Locke cannot display the reality of object,but a mark of the object,the idea about the nature of knowledge has limitation and contradiction.Locke’s view that all the sensation and internal sense are source of knowledge, which exhibit his idealism、metaphysics and dualistic tendencies of theory knowledge;Locke’s view that one can only know the nominal essence of things rather than the real essence of things is the problem.