Study On LUCC And Evolution Of Land Ecological Security In Major Grain-producing Area

In the face of the growing population--resources--environmental problems,global change research in recent years is becoming one of the most active researchareas in the world. And in numerous global change issues, land use and land coverchange research looks particularly important. As an important part of globalenvironmental change and one of the main reasons, LUCC causes many naturalphenomena and ecological process changes. In recent years, with the intensifiedhuman activities and unreasonable development and utilization of land resources, thenatural land cover pattern has changed violently and a variety of ecological problemsemerge prominently, and then the regional and global ecological environment has hada significant impact. Especially, in the accelerating development stage of urbanizationand industrialization, researching on the disturbance in environmentally sensitiveareas of land use change and ecological environmental effect and strengthening landecological environmental system control of the fragile type is an important trendabout the research of land use both at home and abroad and that is particularly urgentand necessary. Based on the above understanding, this article chooses the majorgrain-producing areas, which is a special type area, as the research object. In order toreveal LUCC and land eco-security evolvement mechanism, the article combins withLUCC and land eco-security evaluation and compromises meso and micro scale toanalyse the space-time dynamic contrast, and bases on “3S” technology to matchmultiple source data and the analysis of point. The study composes of seven chapters:The first chapter introduces the background of the selected topic and the researchproblem, and illustrate the basic concepts of this paper, the research framework,research methods, data sources and the choice of the object of study ect.The second chapter, based on the LUCC research framework and its research hotspot and advances in land eco-security, combined with the research ideas, put forward the deficiency of existing research and further deepen the research perspectives andresearch emphasis in this paper.The third chapter summarizes Xinzheng city’s development situation in recentyears from two aspects, which are natural environment and economic society.The fourth chapter, based on the remote sensing image, the land utilization map,field investigation and sampling, and the classification of land use type change andland use structure change, discuss the space-time characteristics of land resourcesquantity change and driving factors of Xinzheng city in recent years.The fifth chapter, as the land ecological evaluation system the main line, andfrom three aspects of the natural environment, social economy and the pollution of theenvironment, evaluate the dynamic change of land eco-security from multiple scalesof Xinzheng city.The sixth chapter, overlays and analizes LUCC and the evolytion of landeco-security situation, and reveal the interaction mechanism of both.Chapter7, summarizes the main conclusions of the article, and points out theshortage of this study and the direction of further research.Through the above research, this paper gets the following conclusion:(1) In recent years, the number of land-use changes in a large scale as a whole inXinzheng city, and types difference is obvious. Each types of land use is increasing ordecreasing in two way transfer. The land for infrastructure expanse significantly. Highlandscape ecological land’s internal transfer intensified remarkably up to82.89%, andhot land types occupy dominant flow.(2) Compared with the outer suburb county and city area, land use structurechanges relatively mild, only6.1%. Rapid urbanization area lead structure evolution,and the evolution of high-path and high-increase regional structure is relatively severewith the average increase more than5.56%, which form a pattern of spatial variationof land-use with overall presentation shaped as dotted guide, support of “Y” as well asoutside interlaced distribution. From the temporal evolution, the information entropyof land use structure of Xinzheng appears a dynamic characteristic, which continuesdecline easing up, for2005-2009annual average is0.023%and followed by decline at0.012%speed. All these show that the land utilization structure differentiation level ofspecialization degree and the comprehensive improvement of rising steadily.(3) Land use degree increase overall gradully in Xinzheng. The spacedistribution appears that, longitudinal township of the old city as the center axis and north-south is higher, and the characteristic of the things on both sides is worse.Principal component analysis showed that different land use types have differentdriving factors, such as agricultural leading driving factors are population, economicdevelopment and internal industrial structure of agriculture, and urban infrastructuresignificantly influence the change of construction land use. Further, populationincrease, urbanization drive role in economic and social driving force are uppermost.(4) The level of ecological security of land degradation is in wead trend, and shows theregional to degradation in a same direction, overall equilibrium characteristics. Critical safe stateand relatively unsafe condition area roughly balanced and changes are mainly concentrated in thesafe state transition to a safe state. In the two states, the positive type of grassland and orchard aredecreased, and cultivated land and woodland are increased; the negative ecological function typesof transportantion land are increasing obviously.(5) Land use change effects the eco-security. there is an inverse relationship between landuse change and ecological security, and the correlation coefficients is-0.37. Associated with this,the higher the degree of land use on the negative impact of land eco-security is more intense.Under the alpha=0.2significant level, their Spearman correlation coefficient is-0.60. Regionaldevelopment, urbanization and industrialization dominate the land use change, therebyindustrialization’s nagative influence is far lower than the urbanization’s. With eco-security levelof the two correlation coefficients are0.81,0.196respectively. Along the types as the trafficarteries, trickle-down effect significantly and high growth type area ect. The land use changes aremore obvious impact on eco-security.