Poverty And Development Intervention In Village-Level Collective Economy

In the case of public finances is not yet comprehensive coverage of the rural areas,village-level collective economy plays an important role in the protection of the normal operation of village-level organizations, service production and life of farmers, the progressive realization of the equalization of basic public services. However, in recent years, in the process of rapid development of China’s urban and rural economy, the state-owned economy, private economy, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.economy, foreign economy has developed quickly, with the exception of village-level collective economy. village-level collective economy is in a poor state in general, Especially in major grain producing areas, remote rural and special type (ethnic autonomous regions, drought, desertification, the land border) regions. This is not only an objective existence and not be recognized and forgotten problem, but also is-a need to be highly concerned problem.Firstly, the thesis uses relevant theories to explain the reason of village-level collective economy poverty, and from poverty identification, aggregation and decomposition of the three aspects of multidimensional poverty measurement methods carries out a detailed analysis and explanation. Secondly, the thesis uses mentor’s grouping criteria, which is formulated according to economic type diversification and horizontal multipolarization trend of the Yangtze River Delta, to measure village-level collective economy’s poverty status in Hubei province; then try to learn multidimensional poverty measurement methods created by Alkire and Foster, according to Hubei Province field investigation, with village collective income, village collective controllable resources, rate of out labor force and the village of enterprise to set up a multidimensional poverty index to measure Hubei Province’s village-level collective economy. Thirdly, this paper elaborates Hubei Province’s governments at all levels’development interventions undertaken and the results achieved. Finally, the thesis discusses the effectiveness of government development intervention to the village-level collective economy. Conclusions are drawn as follows:Ⅰ. Either unidimensional or multidimensional poverty measure, results show that village-level collective economy in Hubei province is in a poor state in general. Multidimensional poverty measurement result also shows that unidimensional poverty measurement methods which only use village-level collective income single indicator will underestimate the extent of poverty. Meanwhile, multidimensional poverty index decomposition results indicate that the main cause of the village-level collective economy poverty is village collective lack of controllable resources, the village domain enterprise development is slow.Ⅱ. From the field investigation, governments’ development intervention on the village-level collective economy is not completely effective, actual results often deviate from the expected goal. Main reasons are as follows:First, governments’ development intervention on the village-level collective economy is a nonlinear process. Many government officials and researchers engaged in the development intervention believe development intervention is a linear process--policy (project design), implementation, and results. In other words, policies and programs are designed by the government department, and then given to junior executive, after the prescribed time limit, checked and accepted by the related departments, the process is determined solely by the intervener. In fact, various groups’ heterogeneity of power, knowledge, interests etc will affect the result of the intervention; development intervention object (collective economic organizations, the village committee or farmers) is not completely passive in the process of intervention development, they have the ability to influence or even change the process of development intervention, these factors often make actual results deviate from the expected goal. Second, lacking of village-level collective economic poverty targeting mechanism and supervision mechanism for poverty alleviation resources configuration, the government will make it difficult to have the village of village-level collective economic poverty intervene effectively, and will lead to the interveners especially the grassroots interveners are more likely to choose intervention object according to the degree of kinship, and put related policies, intervention resource such as money and project to the village where their relatives or other social relations are.Third, governments’development intervention on the village-level collective economy will affect the rural grassroots democracy. Because the government control the system of organization, funding, resources, and more to the grassroots, the power and resources asymmetry is more obvious, so the local government on the rural grassroots democracy has a strong influence, or even plays a leading role. In addition, part of towns which implement the "village fiscal township pipe" system mechanism will interfere and even deprive villagers’economical discretionary power, violate the villagers’ autonomy.