The Optimization Research About The Export Commodity Structure Of Heilongjiang Province

The development of China foreign trade has achieved remarkable results since China reformed and opened for30years. Especially after China accessed to the WTO, our country has made remarkable progress whether in the expansion of trade or the optimization of trade structure. China has been a large foreign trade country, but not a trade power. As an important symbol of international competitiveness, foreign trade has a direct impact on the position of a country or region in the international trade; While the development of foreign trade depends on the optimization of foreign trade structure, which will create new advantages in competition, and can promote a country or region to raise the level of specialization directly, and also can promote its foreign trade competitiveness and the international competition of the products. Export commodity structure is an important part of the foreign trade structure, and we can study the industrial structure, industrial technology level and position in the international product value chain of the country or region, through the analysis of the variations in the species and number of export commodities. Since China reformed and opened for30years, Heilongjiang province has made remarkable progress whether in the expansion of trade or the optimization of trade structure. However the position in international division of labor is still relatively low, added-value of export commodity is not high as a whole. So it’s of great importance in discovering the existing problems and restriction factors, optimizing export commodity structure, and speeding up foreign trade of Heilongjiang province, through analysis in export commodity structure of Heilongjiang province.The paper analyzed the evolution of the export commodity structure of Heilongjiang Province first, including the total exports, national export ratio and variation of main export commodities, based on the theory of comparative advantage and factor endowment theory; And then there was a comparative analysis of export commodity structure of Heilongjiang province by applying trade competitiveness index and dominant comparative advantage index in the paper. The analysis showed that Heilongjiang province’s total exports and export growth rate tended to grow each year; the proportion of export was getting smaller, which showed that the position in the national export was getting lower; industrial product proportion is rising, while the proportion of primary products decreased year by year; international competitiveness of primary products and new high-tech product is weak, and competitive of the manufactured goods and electrical products is relatively strong. At the same time, the paper also analyzed the factors which affected the optimization of Heilongjiang Province’s export commodity structure, these factors mainly included as follows:the change of macro economic, the change of resource endowment, the international industrial transfer, the progress of technology, direct foreign investment and the exchange rate fluctuation. The paper studied the effect of export commodity structure on export of Heilongjiang Province through the establishment of econometric model to quantify the factors, and proposed specific countermeasures to optimize export commodity structure of Heilongjiang Province.