Farmland Fragmentation Research Based On Game Theory

As a phenomenon in the process of land management, farmland fragmentation is formed undermultiple effect of system, economy and history. It has deep origin and rationality of the existence, exists inmany countries and areas. Farmland fragmentation in our country is a long-standing situation, aftermultiple land reformation. With the man-land ratio continued to enlarge, become a marked feature of ourcountry’s farmland utilization. Especially in modern times, China’s land institutional change has beenfocusing on how to improve the crop production and product yields. After the reform and opening, thereformed land contracting system at unit of family to improve the product yields of agriculture and toincrease farmers’ production enthusiasm. It promotes productivity improvement, but also inevitablyincreased the degree of farmland fragmentation. It can be said that the rural land management system is animportant reason of the current farmland fragmentation.This paper reviews the existing research on the farmland fragmentation issues in domestic andinternational, analyzed the mutual relationships among the connotation of farmland fragmentation, quantumof farmland fragmentation, farmland fragmentation, land transfer, land comprehensive improvement, ruralresidential land consolidation and urbanization. It focus on analysis the positive and negative effects offarmland fragmentation, found the farmland fragmentation has two sides, its advantages and disadvantagescorresponding to different subjects, if subject different, the position will be different. For farmers, thefarmland fragmentation ensured the fairness of the distribution of land resources, easy to carry outdiversified planting, sharing the risk of planting, increase farmers’ income. For the country, farmlandfragmentation goes against to carry out large-scale land operation, increase the cost of land consolidation,hindered the adoption of large agricultural mechanization, bed for improving the product yields ofagriculture. Use drive and strategic choice of different subject determined the formation, change anddevelopment of farmland fragmentation. From this we can find that the formation and development offarmland fragmentation is the result of multi-subjects game. Lead the view of game theory into thediscussion of farmland fragmentation will help to analyze the farmland fragmentation with the tools ofeconomics. Farmland fragmentation relates to many subjects, the most important is the central, localgovernment and farmers. This paper is mainly to discuss two issues:"if reduce the farmland fragmentationor not" and "how to reduce the farmland fragmentation and the degree of it". Through analysis the positiveand negative effects of farmland fragmentation, we cleared the opinions and effects of three subjects, andsolved "under what situation the farmland fragmentation should be reduced" by use of benefit cost analysisand dynamic game theory, also briefly discussed the reasonable degree of reduce in process of benefit costanalysis. To be attention, the study on farmland fragmentation trend in this paper is not entirely on the viewof natural evolution, but linked with farmland management reform. In the process of top-down andbottom-up reform, analysis the game between subjects, discussed how does the rational people to choosetheir own strategies, how to influence the evolution of the system, then affected farmland fragmentationtrend.The core of this paper is to set stakeholders of farmland fragmentation: central government, thevillage collective (local government) and farmers, and its benefit cost analysis. On this basic, thestakeholders set game participation, build the four groups of game: the game between the central andvillage collective, the game between the village collective and farmers under change of top-down system;induced game between farmers and the game between the farmers and the village collective underinstitutional change. From the outcome of the game, the best combination of strategies, analyzed theformation and development trend of farmland fragmentation. The innovation of this paper is introducegame theory into research of farmland fragmentation issue, the expectation is how to correct the negativeeffect Fragmentation through policy adjustment correction, provide advice to promoting the reform of landmanagement system.