The Causes And Its Relationship With Productive Efficiency Of Farmland Fragmentation

In the winter of1978, Xiaogang village, Fengyang county, An hui province started an "all-round responsibility system", which has changed the history of Chinese rural areas’development and unveiled the reform and opening up policy in China. Ultimately, the reform of farmland usage rights system, in the form of household contract responsibility system, popularized throughout the country. On the one hand, the implementation of the household contract responsibility system has greatly inspired the farmers’ production enthusiasm, liberated the productive forces, and improved the efficiency of land use; on the other hand, it has promoted the development of agricultural production and sped up the agricultural modernization. The construction of agricultural industry and rural social development achievements attracted worldwide attention.The implementation of the household contract responsibility system, has made an indelible contribution to promote China’s agricultural development; but at the time of its function was be sure, it also queried by all sorts of questions, including the question on rural land property rights system arrangement.In the late1980s, the drawbacks of farmland fragmentation which was thought to be caused by the association with the household contract responsibility system and rural land property rights system began to appear, which caused the waste of cultivated land resource, hindered the use of advanced machinery and increased the cost of agricultural production, thus, agricultural production growth start to decline. Along with the speeding up of reform and opening up, China’s socialist market economy has developed fast. Marked by China joining the world trade organization, Chinese domestic agricultural products market has been gradually open to the outside, which gives a strike on the farmers engaging in agricultural production. As a result, the comparative income of farmers’engagement in agricultural production will be lower, while the opportunity cost will be higher. To cope with the fierce international competition, promote the increase of farmers’income and guarantee food security in our country, we should promote the moderate scale of farm operation.Based on a brief review of the farmer’s research on farmland fragmentation problem, this paper emphatically probes into the cause of the farmland fragmentation phenomenon, its development trend, its connotation and its influence on agricultural production, and takes Xixiang township, Xi chang city as an example for empirical study. This paper first introduces the research background, purpose and research methods. This paper explains the reason of farmland fragmentation phenomenon from three aspects of natural geography, culture and history, land system and so on; meantime, this paper predicts the development trend of farmland fragmentation in our country and introduces some methods to curb the deterioration. based on the connotation of farmland fragmentation and the measuring method of farmland fragmentation, this paper analyzes the negative effects of farmland fragmentation have caused on the agricultural production from three aspects:farmland fragmentation and land resource waste, farmland fragmentation and the use of modern agricultural machinery, farmland fragmentation and the efficiency of agriculture operation.Taking Xixiang township, Xi chang city as an example, analysis of the correlativity between the number of farmers’ land and the average annual output value and the input of unit area land.we have carried on the empirical study on the farmland fragmentation; Using multiple linear regression model, we have made quantitative analysis of the correlativity between production efficiency of arable land and farmland fragmentation, household income, land input and so on. The results show that the existence of farmland fragmentation will increase the cost of agricultural production, reduce farmland productivity and labor productivity. As far as I’m concerned, the current phenomenon of farmland fragmentation in our country will not disappear very soon. With the industrialization and urbanization pace advancing gradually, our country’s agriculture inside proportion between people and land will reach a nadir, after that, the land utilization in our country will develop in a pace of moderate scale of farm operation.