| The Three rural issues, which involves the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers and the interaction among them is a historical fundamental issue concerned by the Chinese Government. The promotion of agricultural technology is a basic approach adopted by the government to continuously address and improve the Three Rural problems. However, some problems gradually emerge as the government implements relevant policies. Relative to the speed development of agriculture, its weak fundamentals are not strengthened accordingly; despite of recent years’successive harvests, the living standard of rural residents does not improve significantly; urban and rural residents income differential keeps enlarging; rural living environment is still under great pressure. Due to problems like these, there has been an increasing concern in how to evaluate the promotion work and whether the present implementation meets the requirements of the idea of Scientific Concept of Development.The philosophy of science and technology is concerned with the emergence, development and application of new science and technology. By examining them from a theoretical prospective, the subject tries to find a way, in which science and technology should fit a society well. The author, proceeding from the fundamental theories of Philosophy of Technology, attempt to make an assessment on the effect and benefit in the dissemination of agricultural technology by applying the method of literature study, social survey and dialectical analysis combining with the advantages and characteristics of humanities and he also attempts to explore an efficient approach to examine the effect of promotion.The first chapter introductory part mainly presents a review of relevant research results at home and abroad. In the second chapter, the author gives definitions and connotations for the concept of agricultural technology and agricultural technology promotion.He also analyzes the dual character of the effects of technology and points out the value-contained nature in technology. In addition, several fundamental principles of technology dissemination are introduced such as principles to change farmers’behavior, communication theories on agricultural science and technology promotion, basic method of agricultural technology promotion. In the third chapter, based on the theoretical analysis, an comprehensive explanation about the evaluating method is present in terms of its content and characters. Then the author suggests the approach of effect-based assessment should be considered a kind of participatory evaluation model, which pays much attention to full exchanges between governments and farmers and examines the effects generated during the process of promotion from the farmers’point of view. In the fourth chapter, the author, combing with empirical research, assesses the present technology promotion work from the effects in the perspective of economy, society and ecology. After discovering the side effects of promotion, he gives some reasons for the negative effects such as the followed rising cost of agricultural production, the method of modern agricultural production goes against the regular pattern, increases the income gap and leads to unreasonable movement of rural population. In addition, little attention has been paid on the agricultural education, the government failed to combine with traditional rural culture and its ecological system and took an indifferent attitude towards the ecological value and non-ecological nature of technology. The author further attributes the failure to the differences in purpose, non-stopping replacement in technology systems, human greed in the process and the imperfections of the social system. In the fifth chapter, the author mainly discusses several ways to improve the effects of agricultural technology promotion. First, cope with the technology with ration. Second, follow the basic rules of agricultural production. Third, pay attention to traditional experiences and carry respect for farmers. Fourth, take a serious attitude toward the effects evaluation and build a evaluation system. Fifth, the social responsibility of scientists and experts should be strengthened and promote the humane of technology. Sixth, improve the culture literacy of farmers so as to avoid the pseudo saturation in agricultural technology promotion. |
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