Research And Design Of An Embedded2D Graphics Oriented Hardware Accelerating Engine

Graphics display is widely applied in the embedded systems in the fields of aviation, navigation, weapon equipments, medical instruments, measuring devices, mobile communications, etc., in which, the2D graphics are the major display content. Display system has strict requirements in graphics’resolution, real-time, quality, sense of reality and system’s power consumption. Therefore, the research and realization of an embedded2D graphics oriented hardware accelerating engine with complete function and excellent performance is significant and valuable.Based on the analysis and research of the existing embedded2D graphics accelerator, a2D graphics accelerating engine with complete function and excellent performance is developed. In the process of design and implementation, the main research and innovative work are listed as follows.(1) The development history of graphics accelerating techniques and graphics processor are reviewed, the present developing situation at home and abroad of the embedded graphics accelerating technology is analyzed, and the significance of this topic research is emphasized.(2) An overall architecture of the engine is defined and modules with different function are divided.(3) Design the whole system with the top-down method. Pipeline is used in modules to speed up the system work. After in-depth study of2D graphics processing algorithm, select or propose the proper algorithms to realize the corresponding functions. The elliptical midpoint alglrithm is improved by converted float processing to integer processing and pixel output to horizontal line segment output, and all graphics are handled as horizontal line segments, which can improve the processing and output efficiency.(4) A specific data Cache is design as data interactive channel between the engine and DDR2memory to avoid frequent and trivial data access and improve efficiency and speed of system.(5) Functional simulation, FPGA verification and performance assessment is completed.The simulation and verification results shows that the embedded2D graphics hardware accelerating engine can fulfill all the expected functions quickly and efficiently. Its processing frequency can reach higher than100MHz and average drawing speed is improved16to20times compared to software work. The speed and performance of embedded graphics display system is significantly enhanced.