Research On Routing Protocols In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is comprised of large number of sensor nodes by wirelesscommunication mode to form a multi-hop self-organizing network system，which has the functionof information collecting、processing, fusing and wireless transmission. Because of the wirelesssensor network has the characteristics of applied relevance, limited hardware resources anddata-centric, researching suitable and efficient routing transfer protocol to prolong the network lifecycle, reduce the communication overhead,improve the Qos performance and network security hasthe great significance.In this paper, we study clustering routing and location privacy phantom routing technology inwireless sensor network. In response to clustering routing technology, making the further in-depthstudy in the selection of cluster head, multi-hop transmission mechanism and communication loadbalance, etc; In response to phantom routing, detailed analyzes the current several importantphantom routing technology, prolonging network security time through the strategy of phantomsource node distribution and routing discovery mechanisms, so as to improve the performance ofthe source location privacy protection. In this paper, the main work and innovation content is asfollows:1. Giving a brief introduction of WSN research background and the present situation,systematic summarized the architecture of wireless sensor network and its main characteristics, thestructure of the existing communication protocols, common routing classification and its applicationfield. Then detailed analyze the typical clustering routing algorithm and the phantom routingalgorithm in sensor networks, giving the advantages and shortcomings of these routing algorithms.2. Detailed analyzes the important clustering routing algorithm: LEACH protocol. On the basisof LEACH protocol idea, from the perspective of optimizing the selection of cluster head, puttingforward a optimized non-uniform clustering routing protocol based on the Distance-energy costs. Inthis algorithm, the low distance-energy costs nodes has bigger priority to be cluster head, the clusterheads distributed uniformly, the size of the clusters is adjusted dynamically according to thedistance between the base station and cluster head.3. In order to solve the energy load problems of WSN clustering multi-hops routing protocols,putting forward a kind of s energy consumption balanced and multi-hop clustering routingalgorithm ECBRN, which based on relay node. By selecting a suitable node as the forwardingrouting nodes within a cluster, decreased the communication load of the network. The above twokinds of routing algorithm are able to balance the network energy consumption and prolong thenetwork life cycle effectively. 4. On the basis of deeply analyze the current important phantom routing technology, aimed atthe location privacy phantom routing problems of source node distribution and the defect of theshortest path routing, presented a source location privacy routing protocol RAPFPR based onrandom angle and probability forwarding. The protocol is mainly divided into two phases: the truesource node according to the random angle and distance directed routing phase and the phantomnode to the base station based on probability forwarding routing phase. The protocol of the phantomnodes can evenly distributed around the true source node, and probability forwarding routinggreatly reduces the probability of overlapping path，increased the difficulty of hop by hop reverseattacker. Compared with the existing privacy protection scheme, simulation results show that underthe premise of without significantly increasing the communication overhead, this protocol caneffectively prolong the average network safety time and has a very good privacy protectionperformance.