Ta Kung Pao’s Text Rendering And Critical Scale Of The Four Big Families Bureaucrat Capital(1937—1944)

Ta Kung Pao occupies a special situation in Chinese modern press history, it has been famous for political comment from the beginning of it’s publication. Around the Anti Japanese War, the "three carriages" comprised of Zhang Jiluan, Wu Dingchang and Hu Zhengzhi push the media guide of Ta Kung Pao to the highest peak. During the turbulent time, Chinese newspaper had their own management of helpless and struggle in hard times, the journalist also have their own development considerations and national emotion. These subjective factors and objective interests inevitably affect the newspaper’s every steps forward. After the outbreak of Anti Japanese War, Ta Kung Pao published editorial said openly to support the construction of national government. During this period, Zhang jiluan’s news thought expected to supervise the government through Ta Kung Pao speech with the country as the starting point. He expected the government to enhance its authority, realize the national democratic and independent through the reform of the political, economic and other aspects. Ta Kung Pao set up this historical mission mainly due to the China society urgently needed a strong political guarantee and promotion to achieve national unity and national salvation. After the outbreak of Anti Japanese War, Ta Kung Pao made a adjustment in the orientation and direction according to the change of history, put the national strength and economic development as the way out of national salvation, hardly support the national government’s economic policy in the propaganda, tries to promote the national government finance construction, realize national independence and national liberation through the newspaper’s public opinion function. Against the Anti Japanese War history background, the Bureaucrat-capitalist headed by the four big families developed into a huge system with a rapid expansion, by financial monopoly, tariffs, issuing bonds, commercial monopoly, by virtue of Jiang Jieshi’s political power. Economic strength is the basis of the national government for political struggle and resistance. Before the Anti Japanese War, the Nanjing government adopted a series of economic policies for economic recovery and stable regime, including tariff autonomy, legal tender policy etc. After the outbreak of Anti Japanese War, the national government implemented the controlled economic system and a series of wartime economic policy to support the war. In the sanctuary of Jiang Jieshi’s regime power, the wealth means of the four big families matched with the economic policy pursued by the national government during the Anti Japanese War. Ta Kung Pao’s economic news comment has high value, Zhang Jiluan’s "state centered theory" deeply affected the public opinion guidance of national economic policy.This paper is divided into three units, three chapters. The first part introduces the personal relationship between the Ta Kung Pao and Jiang Jieshi, states the political position from "scolding Jiang" to "supporting Jiang" of Ta Kung Pao. The first section introduces the development of Ta Kung Pao, focuses on the relationship between the "three carriages"(Wu Dingchang, Hu Zhengzhi, Zhang Jiluan) of new "Ta Kung Pao" and the four big families. This section discusses the process of Wu Dingchang became the administration staff of Jiang Jieshi, the200000official foreign exchange events with Hu Zhengzhi in1945, and the private contacts between Zhang Jiluan and Jiang Jieshi. The second section states the political position from "scolding Jiang" to "supporting Jiang" of Ta Kung Pao. The second part is the third chapter, elaborates the economic means of the four big familes to expand their bureaucrat capital, analyses the fit with the economic policy of the national government. Meanwhile, this part analyses the propaganda for national government’s economic policy of Ta Kung Pao on the political, economic and war background, and the atmosphere of public opinion created indirectly for the four big families’ bureaucratic capital. The first section introduces the economic means of the four big families’bureaucrat capital expansion, including the financial monopoly, taxation and currency reform and commercial monopoly three aspects. The second section introduces the social background of bureaucratic capital, namely Ta Kung Pao’s running situation under the background of government dominated economy. The third section analyzes Ta Kung Pao’s comment text from the "monetary policy","tax","bond","inflation" and "commercial speculation event" aspects according to the existing text material as the basis, tries to analyze how Ta Kung Pao’s economic review built the public opinion atmosphere to the development of bureaucrat capital construction. The last unit is the fourth chapter, summarizes the function of public opinion played by the Ta Kung Pao in the construction of national government, and reveals its political stand behind the bureaucratic capital speech. The first section discusses the public opinion and political stance of Ta Kung Pao on the basis of the first three chapters, analyzes the political position of Ta Kung Pao during the propaganda of national government’s economic policy. The second section discusses the economic function of modern press through the the bureaucratic capital review of Ta Kung Pao, and reveal the political roots and national consciousness from the palliative stoic attitude to bureaucratic capita that Ta Kung Pao embodied against the Anti Japanese war background.In such a collusion of regime and capital, Ta Kung Pao advocated the national center theory, propagate for the financial preparation of the national government. This paper mainly discusses palliative forbearing attitude to the bureaucratic capital of the Ta Kung Pao during its propaganda of national government’s economic policies, and analyzes the favorable atmosphere of public opinion to the bureaucratic capital created indirectly, and the national spirit and consciousness reflected behind.