The Research On Routing Protocol In Wireless Sensor Networks

In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless sensor networktechnology, the research and application of wireless sensor network technologybecomes more widely. Wireless sensor network is composed by a large number ofwireless sensor nodes which are deployed in harsh environment of the area used fordata collection and transmission. WSN has good applications in many areas such assmart home, the transport sector and medical field. To save the node energy,balancing network energy consumption, extend network lifetime has become animportant topic in wireless sensor network research, because of the sensor nodes aretypically powered by an external power supply and is difficult for the energysupplement in external environment.In the paper, the conceptions and key technologies of WSN are introducedbriefly, and some application of WSN and structure of the networks are covered.Then we give the classification of the routing protocols for WSN and summarize thecharacteristics of routing protocols. Researching LEACH protocol of WSN is themain part of this work. We bring forward some improvements to LEACH protocolbased on analyzing the shortages of it. This paper presents the E-LEACH algorithmin order to improve the life cycle and the capacity of information collecting of WSN.The main improvements contain the selecting method of cluster head, the distributionof cluster head and the hops between cluster head and BS. And simulate the LEACHand E-LEACH with MATLAB. The simulation results show that the E-LEACH isbetter than LEACH in life cycle and information collection. The E-LEACH protocolin the energy consumption is lower than that of LEACH protocol, the networksurvival time is better than LEACH protocol. The simulation results show thatE-LEACH protocol can extend the network lifetime nearly49%than the LEACHprotocol.Finally, the paper introduces the water monitoring system based on TinyOS andrealizes the realistic application with E-LEACH and LEACH. Then test the performance of LEACH and E-LEACH by the system. The Results show thatE-LEACH can extend the lifetime24%than the LEACH.