Research And Design Of Compact Microstrip Antennas

With the rapid development of wireless communication technology,communication equipments should be of multifunction, small size and high rate to adaptto increasingly miniaturized and highly integrated modern communication system. Itseems to be that broadband wireless products with light weight, thin thickness, shortlength and small size enter the mainstream. As the gateway of the wirelesscommunication system, the performance of the antenna has a direct effect oncommunication quality of the system. Although traditional dipole antennas have goodtransmission characteristics, its dimensions have no longer satisfied the developmentrequirement of equipment miniaturization. Microstrip antennas have been a researchhotspot in the field of the wireless communication thanks to its compact structure, lowprofile, light weight, low cost, simplicity in manufacture, easy integration and otheradvantages.In this paper, after a brief introduction of history of microstrip antennas, weanalyze the development trends and research progresses of microstrip antennas in recentyears. Then radiation mechanism, feed methods, theoretical and numerical analysismethods and basic electrical parameters of microstrip antennas are introduced.Miniaturization technologies of microstrip antennas are summarized and analyzedsystematically to establish the theoretical foundation for the following antenna design.Finally, a compact microstrip antenna structure is proposed in this paper. It could leadthe surface current path of the microstrip patch to change, through grooving on theground surface of the antenna, to realize miniaturization of the proposed antenna. Anddesign idea and concrete steps are given. With the help of the simulation softwareAnsoft HFSS based on the finite element method, modeling and simulation of theproposed antenna have been done. The simulation results show that the antenna hasgood resonant characteristic and radiation characteristic, which could satisfy thepractical requirements of wireless sensor networks (2.4GHz ISM band).