The Research Of Broadband And Miniaturization Technology Of Microstrip Antenna

In recent years,with the rapid development of wireless communication technology,wireless communication technology has provided great convenience to social life.In a wireless communication system,the performance of the antenna determines the quality of the communication.Therefore,antenna design is a key part in the design of a wireless communication system.Microstrip antennas have attracted people's attention because of their characteristics of light weight,small size,low cost,easy processing,and conformability with carriers.However,the traditional microstrip antenna has a relatively narrow operating bandwidth and does not meet the needs of modern communications.Therefore,it is extremely important to design a microstrip antenna with wideband characteristics.Moreover,under the trend of miniaturization of wireless communication systems,compact microstrip antennas also have important research value.After extensive research on broadband microstrip antennas and compact microstrip antennas,this paper proposes a microstrip antenna with wideband characteristics and two compact microstrip antennas.The main research work of this paper includes the following aspects:On the basis of studying the wideband technology of microstrip antennas,a dual-mode resonant broadband microstrip antenna is proposed.First,we load the shorting wall on the radiation patch of the ordinary microstrip antenna to excite TM_0,1/2mode.After that,a parasitic element is placed near the radiation patch to introduce a new resonance frequency.A pair of shorting pins are installed underneath the patch to progressively turn up the resonant frequency of TM_0,1/2mode,and the new resonance frequency fall by optimizing the size of the parasitic patch.In this way,the two resonance frequencies are close to each other,realizing a wide frequency band.The simulation results show that the operating frequency of the antenna is 3.60?4.02 GHz.The relative bandwidth of the antenna is about11%,which is about three times that of the relative bandwidth of the ordinary microstrip antenna.On the basis of studying the miniaturization technology of microstrip antennas,two compact microstrip antennas are proposed.One is a compact fractal microstrip antenna,and the other is a small dual-band microstrip antenna.In the design of miniaturized fractal microstrip antennas,the method of combining Giuseppe Peano fractal theory with U-shaped slot technology is used to extend the current path,thereby reducing the antenna resonance frequency and achieving miniaturization.At the same time,air is used as a medium layer to reduce the Q value of the antenna and expand the antenna bandwidth.The simulation results show that the operating frequency band of the antenna is 3.47?3.71GHz.The relative bandwidth of the antenna is 6.7%.Moreover,compared with the ordinary microstrip antenna,the area of the radiation patch of the compact fractal microstrip antenna is reduced by 59%.In the design of a small dual-band microstrip antenna,the half-size structure method is used to reduce the antenna size without changing the operating characteristics of the microstrip antenna.After,a V-shaped slot is loaded on the patch to achieve further miniaturization.Due to the loading of the V-shaped slot,the antenna can work at dual frequency band.The simulation results show that the antenna can work at two frequency bands:2.361?2.396GHz?5.14?5.56GHz.Moreover,compared with the ordinary microstrip antenna,the radiation patch area of the small dual-band microstrip antenna is reduced by 76%.