The Textual Analysis Of The Construction System Of National Key Disciplines

The construction system of national key disciplines is a basis with and on which the construction of the national key disciplines should comply and rely. The institutionalizational process of national key discipline construction system is the process in which the state, in accordance with the internal laws and requirements of discipline construction, makes institutional arrangement for the system of discipline construction so that the process of discipline development should be on a sound track. From the development history of the national key discipline construction system in China, the establishment of key university system in1940s resulted in "key" construction,"preferred" construction thought. The department adjustments in1950s brought about the basic framework and discipline structure of higher education. Those two account for the formation and a preliminary development groundwork of the national key discipline construction system. And the national key discipline evaluation has been carried out for three times since1987to2007is a landmark of the establishment, development, and perfection of thenational key discipline construction system. As the national key discipline construction system first appeared in the form of national policy, the national key discipline construction turned out to be both the necessity of discipline construction and developmentand the result of system design of discipline construction.As a national policy, the national key discipline construction system at virous periods shows great continuity and consistency in the aspects of guiding orientation, the thought of construction, selection conditions and evaluation criteria, evaluation model and evaluation rules, the management system and construction measures and it develops and advances with the development of the country, higher education, and disciplines. As a result of the national design discipline construction system, in the national key disciplines construction system under the action of our country, China has a number of disciplines and universities ranking on the list of world first-class disciplines and universities. Most of the national key disciplines not only shoulder the major research tasks of the state, but also carry out in-depth studies of the major theoretical and practical social issues on the existing foundation. At the same time, the system of national key disciplines directly or indirectly caused unproportional discipline structure distribution in universities in our country especially in the distribution of natural sciences and humanities, contributing to the pyramid shaped ecological structure of universities, indirectly causing the uneven distribution of higher education resources.To achieve the ultimate goal of the national key discipline construction, we must face up to the system’s weaknesses and shortcomings. We must broaden the definition of the national key discipline system, establish an admittance and retreating system, reform the evaluation system, expand the scope of selection rules, improve the content of the system and other means so that on the one hand, governments’ investment on national key disciplines can be changed in style from "the icing on the cake" type to "timely assistance" type, the audience of the limited funds can be expanded and the mutual supplement of resources of higher education at different levels can be realized; on the other hand, multiple forces, joint investment can be introduced into the construction of national key disciplines.