Diabetic Nephropathy "disease - Syndrome - Symptoms" Distribution And Association Studies

Objectives:1. Having some ideas about the disease development through the study of gender, disease duration, complications, complications, past history of disease distribution.2. Having some ideas about the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy by studying of subjective symptoms in the traditional Chinese medicine, as well as, the changes in the body by studying the physicochemical indexes.3. Having some ideas about the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy by studying of syndrome in the traditional Chinese medicine.4. Having some ideas about the relationship of the disease, symptoms and syndrome in diabetic nephropathy.MethodsWe have an observation of the140diabetic nephropathy patients’diagnose histories, Symptoms and laboratory data. Using the frequency statistics in counting the symptoms and syndrome; comparing the laboratory data of different stages in independent t test and non-parameter test; studying the relationship of the disease and symptoms, syndrome in the chi square test for correlation analysis of count data, and the Pearson, Spearman correlation coefficient of measurement data correlation analysis.ResultsThere is a high diabetic nephropathy risk for male patients, while they are quicker than female patients about getting the sick. Otherwise, more diabetic nephropathy patients are complicated with the diabetic retinopathy and the diabetic peripheral neuropathy, hypertension and hyperlipidemia.The levels of the fourth stage patients’24hUTP, Scr, FIB are higher than those of the third stage patients (P<0.05). While the levels of the fourth stage patients’eGFR, Hb, ALB, Ca are lower than those of the third stage patients (P<0.01)The distributions of symptoms which frequency more than50%are blurred vision, foam in urine, more urine in night, dry eye, fatigue, few hair and teeth, dry mouth and throat, dark purple lips, numbness of the limbs, asleep body, thirsty and like drinking, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, scaly dry skin, upset, lusterless complexion, the dry stool, ochriasis, sadness, dizziness, chest tightness. The distributions of tongue which frequency more than10%are enlarged tongue, the dark sublingual vein, pale red tongue, dark red tongue, the tortuous sublingual vein, tongue with less fluid, red tongue, pale dark tongue and thin tongue. While the distributions of moss which frequency more than10%are yellow fur, greasy fur, white fur, thin fur, thick fur, dry fur. As well as the distributions of pulse which frequency more than10%is slippery pulse, string pulse, thready pulse and deep pulse. However we have to have an attention about the symptoms which include foam in urine, as well as ochpriasis and few hair and teeth, which become easier to be found in the fourth stage. While epigastric pain is more difficult to be found in the fourth stage.The distributions of the syndrome elements about disease nature, which frequency more than50%are qi deficiency syndrome, yin deficiency syndrome, heat syndrome, blood stasis syndrome and yang dif iciency. While the distribution of the syndrome elements about disease location, which frequency more than50%, is spleen deficiency syndrome, followed by kidney deficiency syndrome, liver deficiency syndrome, heart deficiency syndrome, lung deficiency syndrome. The blood syndrome and the kidney deficiency become easier to be found in the fourth stage.The results also show there is a relationship between the blood stasis syndrome and the diabetic retinopathy (P<0.01). as well as, there is a relationship among the diabetic peripheral neuropathy and the blood stasis syndrome, qi deficiency syndrome, yin deficiency syndrome, yang deficiency syndrome (P<0.05). However, the study also found the relationship between phlegm syndrome and diabetic peripheral vascular disease (P<0.05).In addition, the distribution of heat syndrome in the mass albuminuria group is larger than the others. The distribution of yang deficiency syndrome in the abnormal serum creatinine group is larger than the others, which is the same distribution as the abnormal urea group and the normal urea group. And the distribution of phlegm syndrome in abnormal cholesterin group is higher than the normal one. The syndromes of blood deficiency and phlegm are easier found in the mild anemia group.The last, the patients complicated with diabetic retinopathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, whose levels of TG, FPG are higher than the other patients, while the formers’ HDL-C levels are lower than the latters.Conclusions:1. There is a high diabetic nephropathy risk for male patients, while they are quicker than female patients about getting the sick2. With the progression of the disease, the kidney damage, as well as the glucose&lipid metabolism disorders, hypercoagulability, calcium and phosphorus metabolism significantly become worse.3. There are relationships between different syndromes.4. Relations among disease, syndrome and symptom: The disease is in dynamic process. yin deficiency syndrome, qi deficiency syndrome, blood stasis syndrome and heat syndrome can be found in the whole disease. However with the development of the disease, yin deficiency turns more weakened. Qi deficiency syndrome and blood stasis syndrome, as well as blood deficiency and yang deficiency become stronger. It is also consistent with the current understanding of the clinical practical thought.5. The relationship between disease and symptom: the levels of laboratory indexes are different between the patients complicated with diabetic retinopathy and the ones without.6. The relationship between diseases and syndrome: the diabetic retinopathy, the diabetic peripheral neuropathy and the diabetic retinopathy are related with syndromes6. The relationship between syndrome and symptom: First, the syndrome is the summary and extension of symptoms. Secondly, the syndromes are related with laboratory indexes.