| Radix pseudost ellariae is the dry root tuber of Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax ex Pax et Hoffm, Which efficacy is replenishing qi to invigorate the spleen and body fluid regenerating. To push normalized cultivation of P. heterophylla in guizhou, Promte implementation of variety breeding and seed and seedling quality standards. Agronomic traits, chemical constituents and genetic diversity of P. heterophylla were studied for systematic review on germplasm resources of cultivation P. heterophylla in guizhou. Rational collecting period were studied of Radix pseudost ellariae and establishment of seed inspection rules and quality standards of P. heterophylla. The main results are the following:1. Thirteen agronomic traits of P. heterophylla from3cultivation form120samples were determined and the traits were analyzed using multiple comparison, correlation analysis, multiple stepwise regression analysis and path analysis. The results showed that agronomic traits were different in3cultivation form, significant correlation (P<0.05) or very significant correlation (P<0.01) among multiple agronomic traits, the width and the number of root, the first branch number, cleistogamous flowers, length and width of leaves, and the aboveground biomass were the main factors that affected the underground biomass, and the number of root, the aboveground biomass had a directly positive effect on the underground biomass. Meanwhile, whole length, length and width of leaves, cleistogamous flowers etc had direct or indirect effect on the underground biomass. The results indicate that aboveground biomass would be as the best indirect selection traits on breeding high yield of P. heterophylla. the first branch number, width of leaves and cleistogamous flowers world be as a better auxiliary index on breeding high variety of P. heterophylla.2.80plants fine germplasm resources of P. heterophylla were selected, Which assessed23agronomic traits by both the cluster analysis and the principal components analysis. The results showed that there is great difference in phenotype and abound genetic diversity of P. heterophylla. The diversity index of diameter of fresh root is highest, while the number of nodes of mian stem is lowest. By data obtained80plants can be divided into4groups. The first group can be parents of progenies with high yield potential, the second group can be the parents of progenies with high yield, the third group can be the parents of progenies with short stout type of medicinal materials, the four group can be the parents of progenies with poor of breeding. The principal components analysis of23traits showed the top six traits principal components accont for76.48%, most of23agronomic traits information can be summarized, each principal components can reflect the character of P. heterophylla.3. Taking three cultivated forms and two kinds of breeding materials as the main research object, dynamic accumulation of biomass and Pseudostellarin B in root of P.heterophylla were regularity record, The results showed that with change of growth period, Cultivated form of vegetative propagation XZ-1, XZ-2and XZ-3underground biomass were9.86g/plant,3.61g/plant and10.40g/plant respectively, and the underground biomass were reached the maximum in early July, late June and beginning of July respectively, only XZ-1in early July of Pseudostellarin B content reach the criterion of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, was0.0213%. In the harvest time, biomass of XZ-1and XZ-3were significantly greater than those of the XZ-2, while Pseudostellarin B content of XZ-1and XZ-2were significantly higher than those of the XZ-3. The same cultivated form biomass of sexual reproduction XZ-1Y were significantly below than those vegetative propagation XZ-1of, but Pseudostellarin B content of XZ-1Y were significantly higher than those of XZ-1. The results indicate that XZ-1of P. heterophylla had better quality, belonging to worth popularizing and to be variety breeding, the optimal harvest time is after about10days of plant wither.4. Genetic diversity and medicine quality were analyzed of P. heterophylla from12provenance.The ISSR molecular marker results showed that genetic diversity are very rich of cultivation P. heterophylla, the percentage of polymorphic of JSYS is highest (91.46%), SBYS is lowest (59.76%).12provenance might be grouped into3clusters by cluster analysis. The Pseudostellarin B in root of P.heterophylla were analyzed results showed that JSYS1is highest (0.0494%), non-flowering of P.heterophylla (SBWH and ZRWH) are lowest (0.0001%and0.0061%). Comprehensive research results showed that significantly correlate with the genetic variation and geographical loction of P. heterophylla from12provenance, and be some correlation with morphological characteristics. The kind of shibing P. heterophylla little difference in within population, medicinal materials quality was well, is a fine germplasm resources of cultivation and breeding in Guizhou. Wild provenance of jurong in Jiangsu as P. heterophylla germplasm resources preservation and use key provenance, can be used breeding new varieties.5. Elucidate dormancy of P. heterophylla seeds is mainly the physiological post-maturation. The dormancy was broke under-2-3℃of wettish sand for45-50days in practice. The seeds breaking dormancy time of P. heterophylla can be shortened with the method of soaked in500-600mg/L gibberellin for6hour, then treated with lamination under-2-3℃. The optimal germination conditions of seeds is10℃the culture of sand. On the basis of above research results, The Sampling, purity analysis, germination experiment, reliability identification, moisture determination, weight determination, vigour test, viability determination and so on were researched of P. heterophylla seed. Made the inspection procedure of P. heterophylla seed consist of Sampling, purity analysis, germination experiment, reliability identification, moisture determination, weight determination, vigour test, viability determination and so on. Through the test of P. heterophylla seed samples from13provenance, The primary seed quality classification standard of P. Heterophylla was preliminarily formulated with germination percentage was the primary indicator, thousand-grain weight, cleanliness and moisture conten were inportant reference indicators. Ensure the quality of P. Heterophylla medicinal materials from the source and it can be to demonstration significance for seed quaility standard of traditional Chinese medicine.In a word, through the research of this paper, In terms of germplasm screening, Success use agronomic traits evaluation germplasm resources of P. Heterophylla, provide index for P. Heterophylla variety breeding in agronomic traits. Germplasm were evaluated and analysised by genetic diversityand chemical constituents for protection and utilization of P. Heterophylla in germplasm resources. In terms of rational harvest of P. heterophylla. Elucidate dynamic accumulation of biomass and secondary metabolites to determine the optimal harvest timeof P.heterophylla. In terms of inspection procedureand quality classification standard of P. Heterophylla seeds, for the first time elucidate dormancy mechanism of P. heterophylla seeds, Optimized breaking dormancy time and the optimal germinating conditions, Through the study of quality standard of P. Heterophylla seeds, Formulated the inspection procedure and quality classification standard of P. Heterophylla seeds. |
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