Study On Germplasm Resources Evaluation Of Different Corylus Heterophylla × C.avellana Varieties (Lines)

Xinjiang has introduced and cultivated pingou hybrid hazel since 2001,and carried out regional cultivation experiments on different varieties(lines)of pingou hybrid hazel.Experiments show that the hybrid hazel in xinjiang to fields,such as the ili river valley,north slope of tianshan belt,southern xinjiang cold liangshan district towns)different ecological regions,such as all can show the normal growth and flowering,plump and burly,show a higher economic benefits and ecological benefits,has been in altay region,ili river valley,and southern xinjiang cold liangshan district in the Northern Slope economic zone planted more than 40 counties and cities in different areas.However,as an imported forest fruit species,the hybrid hazel pingou is affected by different ecological environments in different regions of xinjiang.It is of great significance to know the biological characteristics of different cultivars(lines)of pingou hybrid hazel for selecting excellent cultivars and expanding the introduced cultivation area.This study in xinjiang ili kazak autonomous prefecture qapqal county flat the hybrid hazel germplasm collection nursery in different varieties(or lines)of the hybrid hazel ping as the research object,combined with field investigation and indoor observation,system to carry out different varieties(or lines)flat the hazel vigorous growth,flowering phenology,growth and strong adaptability,high yield and fruit quality survey of observation and measurement,such as master different varieties(or lines)flat the biological characteristics and differences of hybrid hazel,selected from the perspective of growth adaptability strong adaptability of excellent germplasm resources.The main results of this study are as follows:(1)The female and male flowers of pingou hybrid hazel generally bloom at the beginning of march,and the difference in the germination period of male flowers is not big.The flowering length of male flowers is 10 to 22 days,and that of female flowers is 12 to 22 days.The time of male florescence and early female florescence was scattered,while the time of male florescence and female florescence was concentrated.In yili area,the temperature rose quickly in spring and the temperature changed greatly in flower period,which was one of the reasons for the difference of flowering period among different varieties(lines).(2)Among different varieties(lines)of pingou hybrid hazel,84-226、84-545、82-8、B-21、85-127 were female and male flowers at the same time,and the others were male flowers first and female flowers later.The phenological period of the female flowers of each species(line)hybrid hazel was overlapped with that of the male flowers,which ensured the normal pollination.(3)According to the field adaptability analysis,the adaptability of 84-376、84-310、84-102、85-88、85-76、84-226 and 84-545 in yili region of xinjiang were better.(4)In the study of 33 varieties(or lines)flat the hybrid hazel nuts economic characters are different,there are different degrees of variation,shell kernel clearance,nuts and nut quality and uniformity can reflect the differences between different varieties(or lines),in the future to flat the hybrid varieties hazel,the five largest economic indicators choice space.Fruit cavity coefficient,kernels clearance,kernel evenness,kernel yield and kernel mean of three diameters are the main indexes that affect the economic traits of hazelnut hybrids,which play an important role in the classification of hazelnut hybrids,and can be used as the reference standard for the evaluation of economic traits and the breeding of improved varieties of hazelnut hybrids.The comprehensive economic traits of nuts of varieties(lines)including 85-57,b-3,84-310,85-41,85-83,82-15,b-11 and 85-127 were selected by the comprehensive economic traits indexes,grade classification,correlation analysis and cluster analysis.(5)In this study,based on the principal component analysis of 20 selected traits,it was concluded that the kernel traits and growth traits were the most important indexes affecting the germplasm resources of hazelnut hybrids,followed by the yield and flowering period.According to the synthesis analysis,The comprehensive character of B-11、84-36、85-140 is better.