| In recent years, the more attention has been paid to the pragmatic study of Teaching Chinese as a Second Language(TCSL).In addition to the standard pronunciation, rich vocabulary and correct grammar, understanding timely, accurately and proper expression has been more and more important. Understanding the speaker’s intention timely, accurately is the precondition that the proper expression. As the parataxis of language, the pragmatic rules of Chinese contained in the known content and reasoning habits of native speakers. For students, these rules is rough and difficult to grasp, especially in the process of listening. Often they are confused about "implicature".Applying "Gricean theory of conversational implicature" to Chinese listening materials and TCSL helps to improve the student’s ability to understand "implicature". But so far, the main achievements are related to English teaching field, and it is still weak in the field of TCSL, especially with the combination of Chinese listening teaching and testing research.This paper tries to organize, analyze four sets of intermediate Chinese listening materials and24sets of new HSK listening, which examines the implicature of conversational topics, and we will try to find the direction of the similarities and differences of the implicature in the teaching materials and the new HSK efforts. And we designed the questionnaire and have the survey and the case interview, in order to find out the intermediate students’ understanding of the implicature. Finally we give some relevant suggestions on how to develop the students’ pragmatic comprehension such as the ability to understanding the implicature in Chinese.The first part of this paper is the introduction, this section describes the reason of my choice, and introduces the corresponding theory, defining the relevant concepts, describes the research development of relevant subject, and expounds the thinking of writing and the purpose of this article, to examine the method.The second part of the paper is observed4intermediate Chinese listening comprehension textbooks and24sets of new HSK listening comprehension questions, collected464example sentences containing implicature according to the ways to convey the implicature. And we used a large number of graph statistics of teaching materials and the new HSK examinations to contrast and analysis, summed up the similarities and differences between them. The author discovered that the phenomenon of the implicature in the intermediate Chinese listening materials has a wide distribution, and figures of speech and Chinese idioms and some conversational strategies are the most common ways for speakers to covey implicature. However, in the new HSK listening examination, it is mainly with rhetorical questions, describe the facts and put forward the hypothesis as the main test direction.The third part of the paper analyzes the questionnaire survey and the interview, innovative by audio questionnaire supplemented, silent questionnaire method, investigated the intermediate stage students’understanding of the implicature, and we had an interview to the participants. Results show that the intermediate stage students can’t understand the implicature on listening comprehension very well. The influence of native language, problem solving strategies, new words comprehension obstacles, schemata and discourse sense experience and the ear of aims is the main reason for the error.The fourth part of the paper is combined with the previous analysis and the characteristics of the listening course given enlightenment of teaching materials and TCSL. It discusses the problems that exist in present TCSL materials on the basis of the analysis of the above, then we put forward some corresponding suggestions to solve these problems, and also gives some suggestions from the aspects of teachers on students’ listening skills training.The last part is the conclusion, summarized the full view and points out deficiencies. |
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