The Explore Of Monk’s Identity System Of Tibetan Buddhism Of Qing Dynasty

Monk’s identity is a certificate issued by feudal government toincommensurable monks and nuns to prove their legal status, limiting thenumber of monks and nuns and inspection constraint function, with along history in the management of Chinese Buddhism. Monk’s identitysystem is an important means of supervision and management of thefeudal dynasties of religious affairs. Since the Yuan Dynasty, ancientcentral government pursued a policy revering Tibetan Buddhism, Han,Tibetan, Mongolian and other ethnicity become more frequent in thepolitical, economic and cultural exchanges. Tibetan Buddhism as animportant carrier of culture, and gradually spread to the inlanddevelopment. Beijing, the Wutai Mountain and other places there havebeen many official buildings of Tibetan Buddhist monasteries. TibetanBuddhist monks began presence in the capital and other places. ManyTibetan monks staying in Beijing for the Sino-Tibetan cultural exchangehas made important contributions, but also increased the burden on thegovernment, and even made criminal incidents happen frequently. Themanagement of Tibetan Buddhist monks, especially the behavioralconstraints and limiting the number of staying in Beijing TibetanBuddhist monks, forced to be strengthened.In order to solve the puzzle of limiting the number of Tibetan monks excessivly, and strengthen inspection constraint system, The Qinggovernment firstly trialed Monk’s identity system among Lama inBeijing. In this paper, the second chapter made use of two monk’sidentity (lamas’) of the Qing Dynasty to restore Monk’s identityoverview of Tibetan Buddhism, briefly analyzed the Monk’s identityclaims, collection, inspection procedures, and relevant managementagencies, Monk’s identity ban and other matters. The third chapterreviewed the development history of Monk’s identity system of TibetanBuddhism of the Qing Dynasty。Monk’s identity system regime ofTibetan Buddhism formed Shun zhi Period, trialed Kang Xi Period. AfterBstan-vdin insurgency, the system launched in Gansu and Qinghai andother regions, gradually matured in the period of emperor Qian long,covering the capital, Wu tai Mountain, Mongolia，Gansu，Qinghai andother large areas.As a conclusion, the author’s studies suggest that Monk’s identitysystem of Tibetan Buddhism reference Mongolian and Tibetan religiousmanagement system: in order for institutional guarantee, in the temple theforehead of setting and lama rations as supplementary means, reflectedthe concept of legalization of the management of the monks of QingDynasty. Appears of Monk’s identity system is the inevitabledevelopment of Tibetan Buddhism needs Qing Dynasty TibetanBuddhism to promote the control by management, to control with management, which is a lively practice, is the Qing central governmentcontrol over Tibetan Buddhism reinforced concrete manifestation.Monk’s identity system of Tibetan Buddhism is a inheritance andsublimation of thinking about the Tibetan Buddhism management formYuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty, is also a reference of managementmodel on the Chinese Buddhist monks and nuns, is a product of culturalexchanges among various nationalities.Comrade Xi Jinping pointed out that “Governing the frontier isbound to governance, governance frontier stability in Tibet in the firstplace”, showing out the importance of the work in Tibet. In Tibet,religious and ethnic issues related, inescapably, Tibetan Buddhismmanagement issue is a complex social problem. Temple to strengthen themanagement of religious affairs according to law, innovationmanagement mechanism, actively guided religions to adapt themselves tothe socialist society, is an important subject in front of us. Further studyof Qing Dynasty’s management practices and experience, will providereference for today’s practice inquiry activity.