A Research On Monosyllabic Antisense Verbs In Zuozhuan

As an important work in pre-Qin period, Zuozhuan represents the height of thepre-Qin language development. This book has plenty of antisense verbs, and hascomplete grammatical forms of verb as well. So we can seek out the language features ofthat time by means of researching the monosyllable antisense verbs of the book, in orderto summarize the conditions for constituting antisense relations and the characteristics ofthe use of antisense verb, also we can understand how people at that time to think and thespeculative features of the pre-Qin language.This paper has analyzed the antisense verbs as comprehensive as possible.The first chapter, as well as an introduction, described research status of antisenseverbs in Zuozhuan, and counted all the monosyllable antisense verbs on the basis ofprevious works. We can discover twenty-eight pairs of antisense verbs that haven’t beenfound before by studying through the book, and then supplement them as researchsubjects. This paper used the methods of enumerating, describing and comparing togeneralize the large number of verbs.The second chapter classified the antisense verbs from the views of semanticfeatures, antisense relations and frequency of use, arranged complementary antonymsand explained why they can be antisense verbs.The third chapter has discussed the opposite relationship between antisense verbs,and analyzed the meanings of the verbs as well as the changes of aggregation relationshipaccording to the changes of meanings. It also investigated the symmetry and asymmetryof antisense verbs from the different grammatical forms of the verbs, in order tosummarize the grammatical features of antisense verbs. Meanwhile, this chapter hasfound the position of antisense verbs in the whole book and analyzed their grammaticalfunctions. The fourth chapter introduced the significance of antisense verbs in the part ofexplanation, grammar and rhetoric.The last chapter is a summary of the full text. Each antisense verb represents anantisense conception, which reflects the habits of language and mind for the people ofpre-Qin. The reason for studying antisense verb is to find out the language features andconcepts at that time. For the restriction of various factors, the paper has some omissionplaces, and hope to be corrected and completed in the later study.