| Objectives To analyse the hospital infection in Jinchuan Group Hospital (JGH) in Jinchang City, Gansu Province, and investigate the status of hospital infection, pathogenic biological characteristics and the factors influencing hospital infection, and then provide scientific basis for effectively preventing and controlling hospital infection and improving the management level of hospital infection.Methods The medical record information and infection dates of patients in JGH were retrospectively analyzed from January1,2004to December31,2012; The basic situation of hospitalized patients and the incidence of hospital infection, then the distribution of every month, department and infection sites, the positive rate of submitted samples and the biological characteristics of pathogen were described; Finally, the factors affecting hospital infections were analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results (1) JGH received83,946cases of hospitalized patients totally from2004to2012including50841male cases accounted for60.56%and33105female cases accounted for39.44%, and the number of patients hospitalized showed an increasing trend and the male was more than the female. The number of hospitalized patients according groups were as follows:>60years (43.24%),15to45years (25.50%),45to60years (17.49%),<5years (9.65%),5to15years (4.12%); The days of hospitalization time of7-14d were the most (39.58%), followed by<7d(23.98%), again for>20d(20.20%) and15-20d was the least (16.23%);There were19038cases of hospitalized patients who needed surgical treatment, preoperative hospitalization days below<3d were the most(55.59%),>21d was the least(1.46%),3to7d (33.40%),8to14d (7:47%),15to21d (2.07%).(2)2579cases of hospitalized patients had hospital infection, and the infection rate was3.07%; The annually infection rate from2004to2012was3.43%,3.61%,2.98%,3.17%,3.55%,2.32%,3.36%,3.11%, and2.55%, respectively, and the rate of infection had significant difference between every years(P<0.05); The rate of infection from January to December was3.37%,3.21%,3.42%,2.93%,2.77%,2.69%,2.66%,2.96%,3.01%,3.31%,3.51%and3.04%, respectively, and the rate of infection had significant difference between every months (P<0.05); The rate of infection in Medicine department, Surgery department, Obstetrics and gynecology department, Pediatrics department, Infectious diseases department, Traditional Chinese medicine department, Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology department, Emergency Medicine department, Occupational Medicine and Rehabilitation department were4.91%,1.88%,1.52%,2.63%,7.23%,2.22%,0.66%,2.13%,0.77%, and1.06%respectively. There had statistical difference in infection between every sections; Infection site of respiratory system, cardiovascular system, blood system, abdomen and digestive system, central nervous system, urinary system, skin and soft tissue, genital tract, mouth and other parts accounted for68.75%,0.42%,1.47%,11.28%,0.16%,9.89%,2.33%,1.01%,4.07%and1.01%, and the infection site had no statistical difference between every year(P>0.05).(3)39,831samples were inspected from2004to2012, and34.18%was positive, and sputum, urine, feces, puncture fluid, throat swab, secretions and blood samples was37.43%,36.01%,17.33%,18.63%,29.33%,43.52%and7.24%; the positive rate of every years was28.38%,26.97%,60.18%,29.18%,32.23%,31.51%,32.01%,35.62%and31.71%, and it had statistical difference between every year(P<0.05); the positive rate of sputum, urine, feces, puncture fluid, pharyngeal swab and secretions had statistical difference (P<0.05) while the blood had no statistical difference between every year(P>0.05).(4)27,313strains of pathogens were detected from2004to2012, including15,832strains of including gram-negative bacteria (G-) accounted for57.91%,7,905strains of Gram-positive bacteria (G+) accounted for28.94%,3,576strains of fungus accounted for13.09%, the type of pathogen had no statistical difference between every years(P>0.05); Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus, and the others in G-accounted for40.42%,27.70%,17.11%,4.31%,4.23%and6.22%respectively, and the type of G-had statistical difference between every years (P<0.05); Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis and the others in G+accounted for36.82%,34.93%,20.48%and7.77%respectively, and there no statistical difference in G+between every years(P>0.05); Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and the others in fungus accounted for75.17%,14.99%and9.84%respectively, the type of fungus had statistical difference between every years (P<0.05).(5) The age, duration of hospitalization, invasive operation, hormone and antibiotic use had statistical difference on hospital infections by Chi-square test(P<0.05) while gender, surgery and immunosuppressive drugs had no statistical difference on hospital infections(P>0.05); Invasive operation, whether rational use of antibiotics, hormones, hospitalization time and age were risk factors affecting hospital infections using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Conclusions (1) The rate of hospital infection is decreasing from2004to2012; the rate of hospital infection in November is the highest while it is the lowest in July, and the hospital infections showed a "U" shape from January to December; and internal medicine, pediatrics, infectious diseases, traditional Chinese medicine and emergency department are higher incidence of hospital infection department; and the sites of infection are dominated for respiratory system, stomach and digestive system, urinary system and oral.(2) The sputum, urine, throat swab and secretions has higher positive rate in the submitted samples. Gram-negative bacteria (G-) is the main pathogens causing nosocomial infections, and Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are particularly more.(3) Age, hospital stays, invasive operation, hormone and antibiotic use were risk factors affecting hospital infection. |
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