Clinical Study On Interstitial Lung Disease In Children

Objective The datum of interstitial lung disease in children were analyzed,including the clinical manifestations, the signs of chest CT, the changes of lung function,the finds of the bronchoscope, in order to provide clinical thought for diagnosis andtreatment on interstitial lung disease in children.Methods The datum was analyzed retrospectively.49children diagnosedinterstitial lung disease in clinical were selected, who were hospitalized in therespiratory ward of Dalian children’s hospital during the period from January2011toJune2012, and met inclusion criteria. The datum of interstitial lung disease in childrenwere summarized and analyzed, including clinical manifestations, the signs of chest CT,the changes of lung function, and the finds of the bronchoscope. The results weredocumented in patient registration forms.Results1. In the49cases of interstitial lung disease in children,75.5%of patients aremale.61.2%of patients are younger than2years old. Interstitial lung disease in childrenwas casued by unknown etiology, infection and inhalation, allocating57.2%,36.7%and6.1%respectively.2. In the49cases of interstitial lung disease in children, sera from45patients hadbeen tested for the presence of antibodies against the virus, and antibody positive ratewas17.8%. Among them, respiratory syncytial virus infections were2cases, adenovirusinfections were5ones, influenza virus infection was1case. Sera from41patients hadbeen tested for the presence of antibodies against mycoplasma pneumonia, and antibodypositive rate was4.9%. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from22patients had been testedfor bacterial culture, and the positive rate was36.4%. Among them, streptococcuspneumoniae infection was1case, haemophilus influenza infection were3ones,escherichia coli infection and acinetobacter baumannii infection were each2ones. Allof patients, whose etiology detection result was positive, were simple infection. 3. In the49cases of interstitial lung disease in children,98.0%of patientscoughed,93.9%ones had exercise intolerance, and51.0%ones got either low-grade ormoderate fever.57.1%of the chest auscultation had moist crackles,53.1%hadwheezing,28.6%were basic normal.4. The49cases of interstitial lung disease in children were all performed chestCT scan. The chest CT of93.9%patients showed ground-glass pattern, and46.9%showed reticular pattern. The signs accompanying atelectasis and accompanying pleuralthickening each accounted for2.0%. The signs accompanying lung consolidationaccount for36.7%, and those accompanying emphysema accounting for8.2%.5. In the49cases of interstitial lung disease in children,32patients had lungfunction tests, and showed lung ventilation dysfunction at different levels.93.8%ofpatients had obstructive ventilation dysfunction, and6.2%ones had combinedventilation dysfunction.6. In the49cases of interstitial lung disease in children,22patients wereselected for bronchoalveolar lavage.22patients all appeared mucosal hyperemia,swelling. Their tube crests had broaden and the diameter of tubular openings hadreduced.These performance were not serious. Except three milky excretions whichaccounted for13.6%, the remaining were yellow-white viscous, Sputum, necroticmaterial, accounting for86.7%.Conclusion1. Interstitial lung disease in children is a predominantly male disease, moreprone to occur within two-year-old child. Interstitial lung disease in children was casuedby unknown etiology, infection and inhalation, allocating57.2%,36.7%and6.1%respectively.2. In children’s interstitial lung disease, more than90.0%patients coughed, andmore than50.0%of the chest auscultation had moist crackles, wheezing.3. The chest CT of more than90%patients showed ground-glass pattern, about50%ones showed reticular pattern, and a third ones were accompanying lungconsolidation.4. The lung function tests of more than90%patients showed obstructiveventilation dysfunction.5. In children’s interstitial lung disease，patients all appeared mucosal hyperemia,swelling. Their tube crests broaden and the diameter of tubular openings reduced. These performances were not serious. Except three milky excretions which accounted for13.6%, the remaining were yellow-white viscous, Sputum, necrotic material, accountingfor86.4%.