The Research On Cytological And Changes Of Endogenous Hormones Of Functional Male Sterility Eggplant

The phenomenon of male sterility is widely existed in nature; it has significant impact in the use of heterosis. The acquisition for the F1seed in the eggplant production still remains the traditional methods of artificial emasculation; while using the male sterile line to produce the fist-filial generation seeds could simplify the fussy breeding procedure, ensure the purity, which attracts much concern form the seeding studiers in terms of production. For the mechanism of male sterility people have done a lot of research, considering that it involves substance metabolism of plant organs, cell structure abnormalities, the changes of endogenous hormones and the variation of gene. Eggplant because of its higher nutritive and health values, has become one of the most indispensable vegetable. However, contrasting to other crops, there exist much fewer studies for the male sterility in eggplant and mainly concentrating on the specialities for physiology and biochemistry while the exploring for the variation of tissue cell’s structure and feature in anther development is relatively fewer.This study is based on the follow experimental materials:functionality male sterility line (F13-1-7and F16-5-6) and fertile line (142). Use of the paraffin sections technique to obsevre the anther’s cytological feature of the sterile and fertile line eggplants in different development periods. The Enzyme-linked immune technology was assayed to measure the variation of endogenous hormone for different flower buds in different endogenous hormone. We try to make some hypothesis for the possible reasons for the functional male sterility in eggplant through the comparative analysis in cytology and endogenous hormone, laied some theoretical foundation for the mechanism of male sterility and provided a variable reference for accelerated eggplant breeding. The main results as follows:1.Via the morphological observation and pollen viability identification for functional male sterility and fertile lines in eggplants, we discovered that the pollen viability of the functional male sterility are similar to the ferile lines, but its anther is not dehiscence during the anthesis and showing a purple line at the top of anther.2. Make a microscopic observation for the paraffin section, we obtained:the dissolution stage of the circular cell clusters for the fuctional male sterile anther was later than fertile anther for two development stages, and dissolution level less than sterile anther; at the flowering day, the stomium cells and inner tapetum cells in sterile plants are death and disintegration, this phenomenons is not found in fertile plants. We demonstrated that the dissolution stage of circular cell clusters and dissolution level may exists some relationship with the functional male sterility and slight dissolution went against to the anther dehiscence, stomium cells disintegration in flowering day may be concerned with functional male sterility.3. In the whole bud development, the tendencies of four hormones in sterile anthers (F13-1-7and F16-5-6) and fertile anthers(142) are basically in line, while the contents exist some differences. The content of JA in in sterile anthers (F13-1-7and F16-5-6) were lower than fertile anthers and the content of IAA higher than the later and when the difference between the length of petals and sepals was8-10mm, it appears a mass of accumulation. GA3and ZR have little difference in the early stage of bud development while also arise accumulation in the late stage and we conclude that GA3accumulate largely when the difference between the length of petals and sepals was8-10mm and accumulate marginally when the length over10mm. The study consider that the probable factors which effect on anther dehiscence including the lack of JA and the accumulation of IAA and GA3, and a handful accumulation of ZR may involve the process of male sterility.4. In the process of bud development, the tendencies in the bud between the sterile anthers (F13-1-7and F16-5-6) and fertile one, IAA/JA, JA/GA3were basically in line, while the content differences were prominent; the variation tendency of JA/ZR basically in line and with little difference in content, In general, the higher IAA/JA、(IAA+GA3+ZR)/JA, lower JA/GA3、JA/ZR may involve the procedure of fuctional male sterility of eggplant.