Study On Preparation Of Corncob Fermentation Feed And Its Feeding Effect In Rabbit, Duck

Corn cob is corn by-products, reserves of about40million t every year in our country.Corncob is not toxic and nutrition is rich, contain crude protein1.1%, crude fat0.6%,crude fiber31.8%, soluble sugar51.8%,0.40%,0.25%and calcium phosphorusmagnesium, sulfur, iron, potassium and other minerals. But its crude fiber content is high,poor palatability, direct animal feed digestion utilization rate is not high, so less applicationanimal husbandry production. Therefore, this study intends to develop corncob compositebacteria fermentation agent, to improve the forage value, to achieve the objective of thefestival food, health breeding.The main results obtained are as follows:（1） By use of inorganic nitrogen, enzyme production and antagonism of e. coli asscreening index,106strains of bacteria from the lab, N1-4,8and LQ-T-103strains ofthe three strains have ability of protein into inorganic nitrogen source for bacteria, in vitroactivity against escherichia coli, and can produce the right amount of cellulose, ligninenzyme, protease and amylase enzyme. With the analysis of colony morphology,physiological and biochemical propertres, and16S rDNA gene sequence, strain N1-4wasfinally identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, strain T-8was identified as Bacillusamyloliquefaciens FZB42, strain LQ-10was identified as Bacillus subtilis. And through thetest, confirmed that the three strains fermentation can be combined into compoundbacterium agent used in corncob fermentation（2）3strains of functional strains were fermented optimization of spore productionconditions, through the single factor and orthogonal test that N1-4best sporulationconditions for corn flour1%, soybean powder1%, MgSO₄·7H₂O0.2%, KH₂PO₄0.05%,seed age, inoculum6%,14h of age, volume75/250mL; T-8the optimal fermentationconditions for corn flour1%,（NH₄）2SO₄1%, NaH₂PO₄0.01%, CaCl20.2%,16h for age,inoculation amount6%, filling quantity50/250mL; the optimal conditions for LQ-10sucrose1%, soybean powder1%, MgSO₄·7H₂O0.05%, NaH₂PO₄0.2%, seed age16h,inoculum6%,, loading50/250mL. And through the fermentation liquid concentration,adsorption of wheat bran, low-temperature drying to obtain biomass inoculum of N1-4is2.4×10¹⁰CFU/g, biomass inoculum T-8is1.2×10¹⁰CFU/g, biomass inoculum LQ-10is7.0×10¹⁰CFU/g. （3） Using the three strains of bacteria bacterium agent to solid-state fermentation ofcorn cobs, when corn flour5%,3%（NH₄）2SO₄,0.05%MgSO₄·7H₂O,the ratio of materialto water was140%, the bacteria quantity is10billion/Kg, fermentation7d,fermentationeffect is best. Compared with the prior to fermentation increased by137%, crude protein,starch content increased by571%, crude fat increased by96%, crude fiber decreased by16.7%.（4） Replacing parts of the concentrate with fermented corncobs,the feeding tests onbeaver rabbit and duck. In beaver rabbit feeding experiment, When corncob fermentedfeed additives was28%, feeding effect is best t. Compared with the control group，theaverage weight gain cost was reduced by12.40%（P <0.05）, The Escherichia coli of fecesdecreased25.47%,33.28%increase in lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria increased by24.77%, bacillus increased by13.13%, the fermentation raw feed is rich in beneficial roleof agent, can balance the test animal intestinal structure and suppress proliferation ofpathogenic bacteria. Fed fermented corncob diets increased the content of various digestiveenzymes in the gut to a certain extent, because the rabbit fecal protease, amylase, cellulaseand phytase activity were increased by34.29%,21.72%,46.73%and53.36%, protein,starch, fat, crude fiber content decreased19.2%,20.5%corresponding feces,18.67%and7.95%respectively, show that the bacteria in fermented corncob in feed into thegastrointestinal tract can produce digestive enzymes, promote the absorption of nutrients inanimal feed digestion, improve feed efficiency.In the feeding effect of ducks, corncob fermented feed added10%feeding effect ismost prominent,compared with control group, the weight gain cost dropped to39.24%, and24.81%decrease in the number of e. coli in feces, bifidobacterium lactobacillus increasedby23.43%, increased by17.63%, increased by24.00%, bacillus protease, amylase,cellulose enzyme and the activity of phytase increased by41.62%,22.02%,22.02%and41.62%respectively, and corresponding faeces protein, starch, fat, crude fiber content by22.03%,18.03%,25.05%and22.03%respectively.The results of this study lay a scientific foundation for the study of new cornfermented feed, in order to improve feed utilization rate and increase the breeding benefitprovides a new way of thinking, broad application prospects.