| The study measured the toxicity of four kinds of pesticides on Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao. A comparative study of the related indicators of the biological characteristics, search behavior, learning ability, and detoxification enzymes of the different sublethal doses of pesticides on Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao, expect to find the method to reduce Scleroderma sichuanensis poisoning from biological characteristics,physiology and biochemistry. Provide the basis for the protection and evaluation the effect of pesticedes on Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao,meanwhile, provide a theoretical basis for the effective combination of biological control and chemical control. The results were as follows.1.By using the membrane method to determine the virulence of4kinds of pesticides on Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao found that the toxicity of neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram amine) are higher than the pyrethroid (cyhalothrin), imidacloprid is the highest.2.The sublethal dose of4kinds of pesticides continuous processing Scleroderma sichuanensis for5generations, biological characteristics (fecundity, rate of hatching, rate of cocoons, rate of eclosion and amount of reproduction)of each generation is subject to varying degrees of the impact. In the F1generation, all indicators of pesticides treatmeant group were not significantly affected compared with the CK, but CK is the best(except amount of reproduction). In the F2generation,nitenpyram LC30significantly reduced on fecundity. acetamiprid LC30was significantly inhibited in rate of hatching and rate of eclosion. In the F3generation, imidacloprid LC30was significantly inhibited in the rate of cocoons and rate of eclosion.imidacloprid was the lowest on the amount of reproduction. cyhalothrinLC10and LC30were significantly lower compared with the CK, but no obvious difference on amount of reproduction. In the F4generation,the sublethal dose of neonicotinoids for the fecundity of Scleroderma sichuanensis was significantly inhibited, hatchability of LC20of imidacloprid effcet is remarkble.In the F5generation, neonicotinoids significantly inhibited on fecundity, acetamiprid LC20and LC30were significantly lower in tne rate of eclosion compared with the CK. In the whole continuous breeding process, with the increase of generation, fecundity and amount of reproduction increased, showed that continuous treatment with the same sublethal doses on Scleroderma sichuanensis, the virulence of pesticides gradually reduced with the increase of generation. Different kinds of pesticides, different sublethal doses and different role of the object of its influence on the results isdifferent.3. The learning ability of Scleroderma sichuanensis were adopted to study by the smell of a mixture of Batocera horsfieldi excrement and sawdust. The study showed that different kinds of pesticides and sublethal dose have different impact on learning behavior. In the rate of choice of with learning of Scleroderma sichuanensis, CK is higher than the pesticides treated, illustrate different pesticides have a different degree of influence. Except cyhalothrin, with the increase of pesticide dosage, the rate of choice significantly decreased, showed that neonicotinoids is more influence of Scleroderma sichuanensis behavior than cyhalothrin.4. EthoVision3.1behavior instrument were adopted to study the track of Scleroderma sichuanensis..The track of CK is the most intensive on the odor source area.residence time, moving distance and the number of enter area of4kinds of pesticides treated Scleroderma sichuanensis were significantly lower than the CK. Latency of first occurence of neonicotinoids was significantly higher than the CK. Neonicotinoid significantly was lower than the CK on movement speed. The shortest residence time is CK on the odor source area. On the moving speed and diastance, cyhalothrin treatment Scleroderma sichuanensis rather than CK, which is longer than imidacloprid and acetamiprid. It’s showed that neonicotinoids is more influence of Scleroderma sichuanensis behavior track of flavor source than cyhalothrin.5.This thesis study the sublethal dose of pesticides of Scleroderma sichuanensis detoxification enzymes activity found that the sublethal dose of pesticides have a role in promoting for CarE in the F1generation. When Scleroderma sichuanensis exposure to pesticides, stimulate the activity system to produce a stress response, so that make CarE increased.After5generations, Scleroderma sichuanensis has been tolerance for pesticides, and then CarE the slowly decreased.AchE in the F1generation, cyhalothrin LC20and LC30significantly increased compared with CK. In the F5generation, imidacloprid LC10and LC20differences significantly increased, the rest was similar, but has a different degree of rise.GSH in the F1generation, nitenpyram and cyhalothrin each dose and acetamiprid were significantly increased comared with CK, cyhalothrin LC20is the highest (382.89U/mgprot). In the F5generation, GSH activity in nitenpyram LC10and LC20treatment were significantly reduced.the rest treatment are little difference with the CK, but is generally lower than that of CK.Whether it is F1or F5generation, each sublethal dose of the pesticides treatment of the Scleroderma sichuanensis generated MFO are higher than that of the CK, and cyhalothrin induced the highest. Instructions the cyhalothrin relative to the neonicotinoids for MFO induced stronger.In the F1generation, the neonicotinoid and cyhalothrin pesticides on the the Scleroderma sichuanensis ACP has promoting effect, can stimulate the the ACP activity system, induced the production of ACP, but decreased in the F5generation. |
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