Research On Technique Of Cultivation And Control Of Diseases And Pests Of Kiwifruit In Leye County

Kiwifruit originated in China is a kind of perennial deciduous lianas belonging to Actinidia of Actinidiaceae. New Zealand is a country which has the highest level on kiwi fruit research at present. The total kiwi fruit production in the world is mainly distributed in China, Italy, New Zealand, among which production in China occupys more than70%. In China, Shaanxi, Henan and Sichuan are the main provinces in kiwifruit production. Actinidia deliciosa, which fruits have hairy surfaces and green flesh have many cultivated varieties in China including Qinmei, Hayward, Cuixiang, Xuxiang, Yate and so on. Actinidia Chinensis, which fruit surface is smooth, less hair, yellow or red flesh also have many cultivated varieties in China, including Hongyang, Jintao, Huayou and Huangjinguo.Twenty-nine kiwifruit diseases have been reported around the world, which important pathogens including Rosellina necatrix, Armillariella tabescens, Phytophthora spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Meloidogyne spp., Colletotrichum sp., Phyllactinia spp., Pseudomonas syringae pv. Actindiae, Botrytis cinerea etc. Pest species injuring kiwifruit are more than80species, there is also a kind of snail which damages kiwifruit.Kiwifruit has been planted3700mu in Leye County since the cultivation of kiwifruit was began in2005. This investigation was made by going into Tongle Town, Gantian Town, Huaping Town and Luoxu Town of Leye County, where kiwifruit was cultivated, surveying on the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in kiwifruit orchard, knowing the occurrence dynamic of the diseases and insect pests, communicating with farmers who were planting kiwifruit and the local agricultural technicians who were instructed the cultivation of kiwifruit and understanding existed problems on local management methods of kiwifruit and control of diseases and insect pests. A set of kiwifruit standardization management techniques and integrated control techniques of diseases and insect pests were proposed by reading many relative references and analyzing the specific conditions of Leye County.It was found that there were many deficiencies in the production of kiwifruit in Leye County in this survey, including that structure of varieties was not plentiful, standardized cultivation mode was short, there was no post-harvest processing and processing technology, integrated control of diseases and pests was deficient etc. On the basis of the specific conditions of Leye County, a standardized kiwifruit cultivation mode in Leye County was proposed, including variety selection, orchard land selection and orchard establishment, seedling cultivation, constructing of kiwifruit frame, care of tree stock, tree form pruning, flower thinning and pollination, harvest, storage, management after harvest. It was found there were5diseases,5species of insect pests and a species of harmful snail on kiwifruit in Leye County and an integrated control of diseases and insect pests on kiwifruit was put forward. A calendar of kiwifruit cultivation management and control of disease and insect pest in Leye County was compiled.On the way, It was prospected that with the development of kiwi fruit industry in Leye County, many research works needed to carried out in the future.