Rural Settlements Spatial Integration Symbiotic System Built And Implementation On Village Scale In Hilly Area

As the effectively action to promote the beautiful country and the new urbanization construction, rural settlements spatial integration has made remarkable achievements in improving rural conditions and optimizing rural resources. But during the course, due to ignoring the changes of farmers’living demand and cognition along with the synchronous development of new industrialization, informatization, urbanization and agricultural modernization. And neglecting the rural residential areas is different from urban community, to paraphrase standardized mode of "urban community". Caused the lack of interaction and interoperability between farmers, bringing the inefficiency of village resource utilization and environment improvement. A certain extent impeding the village space optimization and harmonious livable rural construction. So the paper introduced symbiosis theory, built rural settlements spatial integration symbiotic system based on the correlation between the theory and rural settlements spatial integration, analyzed the mechanism and operation principles and paths, realized system operation. The thesis selects the demonstration village of the whole village advancement-Dazhu village in Hechuan of Chongqing as the object of empirical study. Which can both ensure the inter-operability of rural settlements and respect the principal position of farmers. It realizes "shared resources, co-constructed environment" and exploits environmental advantages in the village domain, also can improve the utilization efficiency of rural residential areas. Main research conclusions are follows:(1) The symbiosis theory has strong applicability for rural settlements spatial integration, it can be the theory and method guidance for the integration and bring economic, social and environmental benefits. By combing the symbiotic system components, symbiotic conditions and basic principles of symbiosis, it can be seen that the cooperative symbiotic mode of information, material, energy exchange between symbiotic units has good compatibility for the interactive cooperation between rural residential space and the new integration requirements under new situation. The geographical and social conditions between rural residential areas and the circulation of material, information, energy between farmers’production provides a better symbiotic conditions. Under the guidance of harmony, diversity and coexistence principles, it can realize the unity of economic, social and environmental benefits for rural settlements spatial integration.(2) Based on the rural settlements spatial integration symbiotic theory, realized the construction and operation of the rural settlements spatial integration symbiotic system. By interpreting symbiotic conditions, symbiotic principle, symbiotic benefits of rural settlements spatial integration, identified the components of symbiotic system-symbiotic units, symbiotic interface, symbiotic environment and symbiotic modes. Then built rural settlements spatial integration symbiotic system. Under the promotion of farmers’demand, the symbiotic modes is evolving by enhancing symbiotic units’self-capacity, evoluting symbiotic interface technology and stimuliing symbiotic environment external, thus promoting the development of rural residential space and meeting the growing needs of farmers. Based on the mechanism of rural settlements spatial integration symbiotic system, in accordance with the principle of symbiotic benefits maximum, symbiotic system integrity, symbiotic environment regionality, achieving orderly operation of rural settlements spatial integration symbiotic system by reconstructing symbiotic units to promote the mutual development, strengthening symbiotic interface to form effective communication, perfecting symbiotic environment to guide the direction of evolution and evolving symbiotic modes to achieve mutualism.(3) The practice under the guidance of rural settlements spatial integration symbiotic system can achieve "share similar resource, complementary heterogeneous resources, co-build the village environment ". By Analyzing rural settlements spatial integration symbiotic system of Dazhu village, in accordance with the relevant principles and paths. Three kinds of rural settlements spatial integration units were built for five categories of farmers:productivity-oriented units, which mainly meet the agricultural diversification development and agricultural specialization type farmers located in hilly marginal zone; service-oriented units, which mainly for the non-agricultural diversification and part-time development type farmers distributed on both sides of the ways spotty; living-oriented units, which contain non-agricultural specialization and non-agricultural diversification development type farmers distributed in village groupy. Besides, there are some scattered rural settlements conclude all kinds of farmers in the whole village. Based on the material, energy and information exchange of rural settlements spatial integration units, coupled with the difference of functions between different rural settlements spatial integration units, different types of households’willingness and demands, then formed the layout of "one axis and three groups" on the village scale and the system that taking the service-oriented units as the center, driving living-oriented units, radiating productivity-oriented units, gradually leading to the retained scattered rural settlements. Finally achieved similar resource to share, heterogeneous resources to complementary, the village environment to co-build and obligation to bear.