Research On Landscape Design Of General Hospital Based On Functional And Cultural Analysis

Nowadays, With the fast development of social industrialization, the urban function and morphology have been changed dramatically, science, technology, economic and civilization have also been rapidly increased, so human being want to ask more about their living quality. Health is the most basic requirement in human life. Medical technology is developing, people’s requirement of medical environment becomes more and more serious, and design and redesign of the hospital outdoor landscape become an important part in hospital construction and retrofit. In the new medical model, people emphasize "Physiological, Psychological and Society" and the multi-function they do to each other, medical landscape design is getting more and more attention. How to reach patients’requirement and put "People First" into practice, is the first principle which should go through the whole design process. Compare with some developed countries, such as Europe US and Japan, the research about the healing function in hospital landscape starts quite late, before1980’s, there almost had no certain design for medical landscape, the hospital facilities can only satisfy the most basic requirement of exam and treatment. The unorganized traffic, oversized pavement and not humanistic landscape structure made people feel "crowd, chaos and cold". So landscape architectures and medical institutions and the whole society should cooperation to change the status quo and improve the overall level of medical landscape in our country.The overall objective is:summarize the relevant researches and studies, redesign the landscape of West China Hospital, then give some exploration and summary about general hospital landscape design. In the process, this paper will take "Rehabilitation" as a purpose and characteristic, take "Culture" as an approach and method, take "Patients" as an important point and the final goal. The aim is to use landscape design build a cultural and healing outdoor space then help patients finish their recovery.As to the content and structure of the whole paper, the first part is the abstract, including the general intention, extent, purpose and meaning of this research. The second part is literature review, including the related research of medical landscape both in domestic and overseas, access to a large number of relevant information, and get familiar with the newest research about hospital landscape design, including theoretical researches, case studies and relevant methods, and the analysis of the research and construction status of hospital landscape at home and abroad, the main types of the users in hospital landscape, the main requirement and behavioral habit of the users, to build a basement for the following research. The third part is the writer’s opinion about the hospital landscape design, base on patients’ needs, analysis users’ behavior habits and get a preliminary inquiry about the key characters which medical landscape should have to let the patients satisfied explaining how to use cultural landscape as a tool to achieve the healing result. The last part is a real design example, take on-the-spot investigation in West China Hospital, find out all the advantages and disadvantages of landscape in West China Hospital, focus on the connection between the landscape and surrounding environment, landscape practical function and the existing problems. Finish the final redesign based on theoretical and practical analysis, discussing on how to building a hospital landscape in reality in a deeper level, like the detail design of landscape structure, lighting, water feature, pavement, signage and so on. So, the whole paper is well arranged, from general to detail, from analysis to example, from theory to reality.In all the research about medical landscape, because of the leadship in economy and culture, some developed countries starts earlier and keep the important position. When we study their relevant research, we should also find out a new method suits our unique condition. After some researching and summarizing, the write notices, there are a lot of researches about rehabilitation and recovery, which are quite comprehensive, but how to use landscape concept and theme, create a cultural environment to achieve rehabilitation, is still need more work on it. Chinese gardens are famous from their landscape intension and meaningful concept. So this paper will focus on that, and use some real examples to prove the results and methods.