Study On The Construction Of Urban Emergency Shelter Based On Disaster Risk Assessment

Major Disasters such as earthquake usually cause great casualties and property losses, alot of people homeless. As a temporary harbor, emergency shelters provide safe place forvictims during and after disasters. In order to provide support for the government’s decision-making on the rational allocation of emergency shelters, the thesis studies the construction ofurban emergency shelters on the base of disaster risk assessment.Firstly, the thesis gives an overview of the related research results of disaster risk andemergency shelters. On this basis, it further analyses domestic and foreign representativetheories of disaster risk assessment. Meanwhile, it elaborates the general classification and mainfeatures of emergency shelters, focuses on the construction of emergency shelters at home andabroad, analyzes the problems and tasks of the construction of emergency shelters, and gets thesignificance of disaster risk assessment in the construction of emergency shelters. Secondly,from the perspective of system, combined with the characteristics of urban disasters, it builds arisk assessment model for urban disaster system with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), withtotal regional population, economic density and GDP per capita as input and asylum number(per unit area of homelessness) as output. This provides a practical approach to carry out small-scale disaster risk assessment between different areas of the same city, and provides thedecision-making basis for the rational distribution of urban emergency shelter resources in thearea. Based on these researches, it builds the construction system of emergency shelters, andstudies urban emergency shelters rational distribution with network optimization model. Finally,with the urban disaster risk assessment model, it does quantitative research on Nanjing’s11administrative regions urban disaster risk level, gives the emergency shelter resource allocationscheme, and comes up the corresponding development countermeasures for the construction ofemergency shelters in Nanjing.